Social Psychology With Infotrac,9780534583217

Social Psychology With Infotrac

by ; ;
Edition: 5th
ISBN13: 9780534583217
ISBN10: 0534583210
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2003-06-13
Publisher(s): Wadsworth Publishing
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Summary

1. Introduction to Social Psychology. 2. Research Methods in Social Psychology. 3. Socialization. 4. Self and Identity. 5. Social Perception and Cognition. 6. Attitudes. 7. Symbolic Communication and Language. 8. Social Influence and Persuasion. 9. Self-Presentation and Impression Management. 10. Helping and Altruism. 11. Aggression. 12. Interpersonal Attraction and Relationships. 13. Group Cohesion And Conformity. 14. Group Structure and Performance. 15. Intergroup Conflict. 16. Life Course and Gender Roles. 17. Social Structure and Personality. 18. Deviant Behavior and Social Reaction. 19. Collective Behavior and Social Movements.

Table of Contents

Preface xiv
Introduction to Social Psychology
1(24)
Introduction
2(1)
What Is Social Psychology?
3(2)
A Formal Definition
3(1)
Core Concerns of Social Psychology
3(2)
Relation to Other Fields
5(1)
Theoretical Perspectives in Social Psychology
5(14)
Role Theory
6(3)
Reinforcement Theory
9(3)
Cognitive Theory
12(2)
Symbolic Interaction Theory
14(2)
Evolutionary Theory
16(2)
A Comparison of Perspectives
18(1)
Is Social Psychology a Science?
19(2)
Characteristics of Science
20(1)
Social Psychology as a Science
20(1)
Summary
21(3)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
24(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
24(1)
Research Methods in Social Psychology
25(25)
Introduction
26(1)
Questions about Research Methods
26(1)
Characteristics of Empirical Research
26(3)
Objectives of Research
26(1)
Research Hypotheses
27(1)
Validity of Findings
28(1)
Research Methods
29(16)
Surveys
29(7)
Field Studies and Naturalistic Observation
36(2)
Archival Research and Content Analysis
38(2)
Experiments
40(4)
Comparison of Research Methods
44(1)
Meta-Analysis
44(1)
Research in Diverse Populations
45(1)
Ethical Issues in Social Psychological Research
46(2)
Potential Sources of Harm
46(1)
Institutional Safeguards
47(1)
Potential Benefits
48(1)
Summary
48(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
49(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
49(1)
Socialization
50(28)
Introduction
51(1)
Perspectives on Socialization
52(3)
The Developmental Perspective
52(1)
The Social Learning Perspective
53(1)
The Interpretive Perspective
54(1)
The Impact of Social Structure
55(1)
Agents of Childhood Socialization
55(7)
Family
55(4)
Peers
59(2)
School
61(1)
Processes of Socialization
62(4)
Instrumental Conditioning
62(3)
Observational Learning
65(1)
Internalization
66(1)
Outcomes of Socialization
66(8)
Gender Role
66(2)
Linguistic and Cognitive Competence
68(2)
Moral Development
70(3)
Work Orientations
73(1)
Adult Socialization
74(2)
Role Acquisition
74(1)
Anticipatory Socialization
75(1)
Role Discontinuity
76(1)
Summary
76(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
77(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
77(1)
Self and Identity
78(27)
Introduction
79(2)
The Nature and Genesis of Self
81(4)
The Self as Source and Object of Action
81(1)
Self-Differentiation
81(2)
Role Taking
83(1)
The Social Origins of Self
83(2)
Identities: The Self We Know
85(4)
Role Identities
85(1)
Social Identities
86(1)
Research on Self-Concept Formation
87(1)
The Situated Self
88(1)
Identities: The Self We Enact
89(4)
Identities and Behavior
90(1)
Choosing an Identity to Enact
90(2)
Identities as Sources of Consistency
92(1)
The Self in Thought and Feeling
93(5)
Self-Schema
93(1)
Effects of Self-Awareness
94(1)
Effects of Self-Discrepancies
95(1)
Influences of Self on Emotions
96(2)
Self-Esteem
98(5)
Assessment of Self-Esteem
98(1)
Sources of Self-Esteem
99(1)
Self-Esteem and Behavior
100(2)
Protecting Self-Esteem
102(1)
Summary
103(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
104(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
104(1)
Social Perception and Cognition
105(33)
Introduction
106(1)
Schemas
107(4)
Types of Schemas
108(1)
Schematic Processing
109(2)
Schemas as Cultural Elements
111(1)
Person Schemas and Group Stereotypes
111(6)
Person Schemas
111(3)
Group Stereotypes
114(3)
Impression Formation
117(8)
Trait Centrality
117(3)
Integrating Information About Others
120(3)
Impressions as Self-Fulfilling Prophecies
123(1)
Heuristics
123(2)
Attribution Theory
125(6)
Dispositional Versus Situational Attributions
125(1)
Inferring Dispositions From Acts
126(2)
Covariation Model of Attribution
128(2)
Attributions for Success and Failure
130(1)
Bias and Error in Attribution
131(4)
Overattribution to Dispositions
131(2)
Focus of Attention Bias
133(1)
Actor-Observer Difference
133(1)
Motivational Biases
134(1)
Cultural Basis of Attributions
135(1)
Summary
136(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
137(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
137(1)
Attitudes
138(24)
Introduction
139(1)
The Nature of Attitudes
139(3)
The Components of an Attitude
139(1)
Attitude Formation
140(1)
The Functions of Attitudes
141(1)
Attitude Organization
142(1)
Attitude Structure
142(1)
Cognitive Consistency
143(6)
Balance Theory
144(2)
Theory of Cognitive Dissonance
146(2)
Is Consistency Inevitable?
148(1)
The Relationship Between Attitudes and Behavior
149(9)
Do Attitudes Predict Behavior?
149(2)
Activation of the Attitude
151(1)
Characteristics of the Attitude
151(3)
Attitude-Behavior Correspondence
154(1)
Situational Constraints
155(3)
The Reasoned Action Model
158(2)
Formal Model
159(1)
Assessment of the Model
159(1)
Summary
160(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
161(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
161(1)
Symbolic Communication and Language
162(32)
Introduction
163(1)
Language and Verbal Communication
163(9)
Linguistic Communication
164(1)
The Encoder-Decoder Model
165(2)
The Intentionalist Model
167(2)
The Perspective-Taking Model
169(3)
Nonverbal Communication
172(7)
Types of Nonverbal Communication
172(2)
What's in a Face?
174(1)
Facial Communication of Emotion
175(3)
Combining Nonverbal and Verbal Communication
178(1)
Social Structure and Communication
179(10)
Gender and Communication
179(3)
Social Stratification and Speech Style
182(1)
Communicating Status and Intimacy
183(3)
Normative Distances for Interaction
186(3)
Conversational Analysis
189(3)
Initiating Conversations
189(1)
Regulating Turn Taking
190(1)
Feedback and Coordination
190(2)
Summary
192(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
193(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
193(1)
Social Influence and Persuasion
194(28)
Introduction
195(1)
Forms of Social Influence
195(1)
Attitude Change via Persuasion
196(12)
Processing Persuasive Messages
197(1)
Communication-Persuasion Paradigm
198(1)
The Source
198(3)
The Message
201(5)
The Target
206(2)
Compliance with Threats and Promises
208(6)
Effectiveness of Threats and Promises
208(4)
Problems in Using Threats and Promises
212(1)
Bilateral Threat and Negotiation
213(1)
Obedience to Authority
214(4)
Experimental Study of Obedience
216(1)
Factors Affecting Obedience to Authority
217(1)
Resisting Influence and Persuasion
218(2)
Inoculation
219(1)
Forewarning
219(1)
Reactance
219(1)
Summary
220(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
221(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
221(1)
Self-Presentation and Impression Management
222(23)
Introduction
223(1)
Self-Presentation in Everyday Life
224(3)
Definition of the Situation
224(2)
Self-Disclosure
226(1)
Tactical Impression Management
227(7)
Managing Appearances
228(1)
Ingratiation
229(3)
Aligning Actions
232(1)
Altercasting
233(1)
The Downside of Self-Presentation
234(1)
Self-Presentation May Be Hazardous to Your Health
234(1)
Deception May Be Hazardous to Your Relationships
235(1)
Detecting Deceptive Impression Management
235(3)
Ulterior Motives
235(1)
Nonverbal Cues of Deception
236(2)
Ineffective Self-Presentation and Spoiled Identities
238(5)
Embarrassment and Saving Face
238(2)
Cooling-Out and Identity Degradation
240(1)
Stigma
240(3)
Summary
243(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
244(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
244(1)
Helping and Altruism
245(26)
Introduction
246(1)
Motivation to Help Others
247(5)
Egoism and Cost-Reward Motivation
247(1)
Altruism and Empathic Concern
248(2)
Evolution and Helping
250(2)
Characteristics of the Needy That Foster Helping
252(1)
Acquaintanceship and Liking
252(1)
Similarity
252(1)
Deservingness
253(1)
Normative Factors in Helping
253(4)
Norms of Responsibility and Reciprocity
254(1)
Personal Norms and Helping
255(1)
Helping Behavior as Role Behavior
256(1)
Personal and Situational Factors in Helping
257(4)
Modeling Effects
257(2)
Gender Differences in Helping
259(1)
Good and Bad Moods
259(2)
Guilt and Helping
261(1)
Bystander Intervention in Emergency Situations
261(6)
The Decision to Intervene
262(1)
The Bystander Effect
263(2)
Costs and Emergency Intervention
265(2)
Seeking and Receiving Help
267(2)
Help and Obligation
267(1)
Threats to Self-Esteem
268(1)
Summary
269(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
270(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
270(1)
Aggression
271(24)
Introduction
272(1)
What Is Aggression?
272(1)
Aggression and the Motivation to Harm
272(4)
Aggression as Instinct
273(1)
Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis
273(2)
Aversive Emotional Arousal
275(1)
Social Learning and Aggression
276(1)
Characteristics of Targets That Affect Aggression
276(3)
Gender and Race
276(2)
Attribution for Attack
278(1)
Retaliatory Capacity
278(1)
Situational Impacts on Aggression
279(2)
Reinforcements
279(1)
Modeling
279(1)
Norms
280(1)
Stress
281(1)
Aggressive Cues
281(1)
Reducing Aggressive Behavior
281(3)
Reducing Frustration
281(1)
Punishment to Suppress Aggression
282(1)
Nonaggressive Models
283(1)
Catharsis
283(1)
Aggression in Society
284(9)
Sexual Assault
284(2)
Pornography and Violence
286(4)
Media Violence and Aggression
290(3)
Summary
293(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
294(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
294(1)
Interpersonal Attraction and Relationships
295(28)
Introduction
296(1)
Who Is Available?
297(2)
Routine Activities
297(1)
Proximity
297(1)
Familiarity
298(1)
Who Is Desirable?
299(6)
Social Norms
299(1)
Physical Attractiveness
299(4)
Exchange Processes
303(2)
The Determinants of Liking
305(3)
Similarity
305(2)
Shared Activities
307(1)
Reciprocal Liking
308(1)
The Growth of Relationships
308(4)
Self-Disclosure
308(2)
Trust
310(1)
Interdependence
311(1)
Love and Loving
312(4)
Liking Versus Loving
312(1)
Passionate Love
313(1)
The Romantic Love Ideal
314(1)
Love as a Story
315(1)
Breaking Up
316(5)
Progress? Chaos?
316(1)
Unequal Outcomes and Instability
316(2)
Differential Commitment and Dissolution
318(1)
Responses to Dissatisfaction
318(3)
Summary
321(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
322(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
322(1)
Group Cohesion and Conformity
323(26)
Introduction
324(1)
What Is a Group?
324(5)
Group Cohesion
325(1)
Group Structure and Goals
326(1)
Roles in Groups
327(2)
Status of Group Members
329(6)
Status Characteristics
330(1)
Status Generalization
331(2)
Expectation States Theory
333(1)
Overcoming Status Generalization
334(1)
Conformity to Group Norms
335(9)
Group Norms
335(3)
Conformity
338(1)
Why Conform?
339(2)
Increasing Conformity
341(3)
Minority Influence in Groups
344(3)
Effectiveness of Minority Influence
345(1)
Differences Between Minority and Majority Influence
346(1)
Summary
347(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
348(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
348(1)
Group Structure and Performance
349(29)
Introduction
350(1)
Group Leadership
351(6)
Endorsement of Formal Leaders
352(1)
Revolutionary and Conservative Coalitions
353(1)
Activities of Leaders
354(1)
Contingency Model of Leadership Effectiveness
354(3)
Productivity and Performance
357(7)
Group Size
359(3)
Group Goals
362(1)
Communication Networks
362(2)
Reward Distribution and Equity
364(5)
Principles Used in Reward Distribution
365(1)
Equity Theory
365(2)
Task Interdependence
367(1)
Responses to Inequity
368(1)
Brainstorming
369(2)
Production Blocking
370(1)
Group Decision Making
371(5)
Groupthink
371(3)
Risky Shift, Cautious Shift, and Group Polarization
374(2)
Summary
376(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
377(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
377(1)
Intergroup Conflict
378(23)
Introduction
379(2)
Intergroup Conflict
380(1)
Development of Intergroup Conflict
381(5)
Realistic Group Conflict
381(1)
Social Identity
382(3)
Aversive Events and Escalation
385(1)
Persistence of Intergroup Conflict
386(4)
Biased Perception of the Out-Group
386(3)
Changes in Relations Between Conflicting Groups
389(1)
Impact of Conflict on Within-Group Processes
390(2)
Group Cohesion
390(1)
Leadership Militancy
391(1)
Norms and Conformity
391(1)
Resolution of Intergroup Conflict
392(7)
Superordinate Goals
393(1)
Intergroup Contact
393(3)
Mediation and Third-Party Intervention
396(1)
Unilateral Conciliatory Initiatives
397(2)
Summary
399(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
400(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
400(1)
Life Course and Gender Roles
401(29)
Introduction
402(1)
Components of the Life Course
403(1)
Careers
403(1)
Identities and Self-Esteem
403(1)
Stress and Satisfaction
404(1)
Influences on Life Course Progression
404(5)
Biological Aging
405(1)
Social Age Grading
405(2)
Historical Trends and Events
407(2)
Stages in the Life Course: Age and Gender Roles
409(15)
Stage I: Achieving Independence
409(4)
Stage II: Balancing Family and Work Commitments
413(6)
Stage III: Performing Adult Roles
419(3)
Stage IV: Coping with Loss
422(2)
Historical Variations
424(4)
Women's Work: Gender Role Attitudes and Behavior
424(2)
Impact of Events
426(2)
Summary
428(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
429(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
429(1)
Social Structure and Personality
430(30)
Introduction
431(1)
Status Attainment
432(7)
Occupational Status
433(1)
Intergenerational Mobility
434(4)
Social Networks
438(1)
Individual Values
439(3)
Occupational Role
440(2)
Education
442(1)
Social Influences on Health
442(13)
Physical Health
442(4)
Mental Health
446(9)
Alienation
455(3)
Self-Estrangement
455(2)
Powerlessness
457(1)
Summary
458(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
459(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
459(1)
Deviant Behavior and Social Reaction
460(30)
Introduction
461(1)
The Violation of Norms
461(11)
Norms
461(1)
Anomie Theory
462(3)
Control Theory
465(2)
Differential Association Theory
467(2)
Routine Activities Perspective
469(3)
Reactions to Norm Violations
472(4)
Reactions to Rule Breaking
472(1)
Determinants of the Reaction
473(2)
Consequences of Labeling
475(1)
Labeling and Secondary Deviance
476(4)
Societal Reaction
476(3)
Secondary Deviance
479(1)
Formal Social Controls
480(8)
Formal Labeling and the Creation of Deviance
481(6)
Long-Term Effects of Formal Labeling
487(1)
Summary
488(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
489(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
489(1)
Collective Behavior and Social Movements
490(27)
Introduction
491(1)
Collective Behavior
491(14)
Crowds
492(3)
Gatherings
495(2)
Underlying Causes of Collective Behavior
497(3)
Precipitating Incidents
500(1)
Empirical Studies of Riots
501(4)
Social Movements
505(11)
The Development of a Movement
506(3)
Social Movement Organizations
509(6)
The Consequences of Social Movements
515(1)
Summary
516(1)
List of Key Terms and Concepts
516(1)
InfoTrac College Edition Search Words
516(1)
Glossary 517(17)
References 534(79)
Credits 613(2)
Name Index 615(22)
Subject Index 637

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