Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, tenth Edition, Enhanced,9780619267667

Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, tenth Edition, Enhanced

by
Edition: 10th
ISBN13: 9780619267667
ISBN10: 0619267666
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2005-03-01
Publisher(s): Cengage Learning
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List Price: $157.95

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Summary

Give your students a dynamic introduction to computer concepts and the issues that technology brings to our everyday lives. Known for its readability and breadth of topics covered, Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow will ensure that students are current and informed in order to succeed in our technocentric society. This Enhanced Edition contains a comprehensive chapter-by-chapter update section on the latest information on computer products, trends, and issues.

Table of Contents

Preface v
MODULE Introduction
1(84)
Introduction to the World of Computers
3(36)
Overview
4(1)
Computers in Your Life
4(5)
Why Learn About Computers?
4(1)
Computers in the Home
5(1)
Computers in Education
6(1)
Computers in the Workplace
7(1)
Computers on the Go
8(1)
What Is a Computer and What Does It Do?
9(8)
Computers Then and Now
10(2)
Hardware
12(2)
Software
14(2)
Data and Information
16(1)
Computer Users and Professionals
16(1)
Computer Networks and the Internet
17(2)
The Internet
18(1)
Accessing a Network
18(1)
Computers to Fit Every Need
19(9)
Mobile Devices
19(1)
Personal Computers
19(7)
Midrange Servers
26(1)
Mainframe Computers
27(1)
Supercomputers
27(1)
Computers and Society
28(11)
The Information Age and the New Information Revolution
28(1)
Benefits of a Computer-Oriented Society
29(1)
Risks of a Computer-Oriented Society
29(1)
Summary
30(2)
Key Terms
32(1)
Review Activities
33(2)
Projects
35(4)
Using Your PC, Windows, and the Web
39(46)
Overview
40(1)
Starting Your Computer: The Boot Process
40(1)
Using the Windows Operating System
41(10)
The Windows Interface
41(6)
Opening Windows and Starting Programs
47(1)
Manipulating Windows
48(3)
Shutting Down the Computer
51(1)
Using the Internet and World Wide Web
51(14)
What are the Internet and World Wide Web?
51(1)
What Is a Browser?
52(1)
Accessing the Internet
52(2)
Internet Addresses
54(4)
Surfing the Web
58(4)
Using Bookmarks and the History List
62(1)
Searching the Web
63(2)
E-Mail and Other Types of Online Communications
65(7)
Sending E-Mail
68(1)
Receiving E-Mail
68(1)
Managing E-Mail
68(2)
Discussion Groups, Chat, Instant Messaging, and More
70(1)
Netiquette
71(1)
Societal Implications of Cyberspace
72(13)
Security
72(1)
Privacy
73(1)
Differences in Online Communications
73(1)
The Anonymity Factor
73(2)
Information Integrity
75(1)
Summary
76(2)
Key Terms
78(1)
Review Activities
79(2)
Projects
81(4)
MODULE Hardware
85(134)
The System Unit: Processing and Memory
87(46)
Overview
88(1)
Data and Program Representation
88(7)
Digital Data Representation
88(1)
Representing Numerical Data: The Binary Numbering System
89(1)
Coding Systems for Text-Based Data
90(2)
Coding Systems for Other Types of Data
92(3)
Representing Programs: Machine Language
95(1)
Inside the System Unit
95(16)
The Motherboard
96(1)
CPU
96(4)
Memory
100(4)
Buses
104(2)
Expansion Slots and Cards
106(2)
Ports
108(3)
How the CPU Works
111(4)
Typical CPU Components
112(1)
The System Clock and the Machine Cycle
113(2)
Making Computers Faster Now and in the Future
115(18)
Speeding Up Your System Today
115(3)
Strategies for Making Faster Computers
118(4)
Future Trends
122(2)
Summary
124(2)
Key Terms
126(1)
Review Activities
127(2)
Projects
129(4)
Storage
133(40)
Overview
134(1)
Properties of Storage Systems
134(3)
Storage Devices and Media
134(1)
Non-Volatility
135(1)
Removable vs. Fixed Media
135(1)
Random vs. Sequential Access
135(1)
Logical vs. Physical Representation
136(1)
Magnetic Disk Systems
137(13)
Floppy Disks and Drives
138(2)
High-Capacity Removable Magnetic Disks and Drives
140(1)
Hard Disk Drives
140(10)
Optical Disc Systems
150(4)
Read-Only Discs: CD-ROM and DVD-ROM Discs
152(1)
Recordable Discs: CD-R, DVD-R, and DVD+R Discs
153(1)
Rewritable Discs: CD-RW, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD RAM, and Blue Laser Discs
154(1)
Other Types of Storage Systems
154(19)
Magneto-Optical Discs
154(1)
Flash Memory Media
155(3)
Magnetic Tape Systems
158(1)
Remote Storage Systems
159(1)
Smart Cards
159(2)
Holographic Storage
161(1)
Comparing Storage Alternatives
162(2)
Summary
164(2)
Key Terms
166(1)
Review Activities
167(2)
Projects
169(4)
Input and Output
173(46)
Overview
174(1)
Input and Output
174(1)
Keyboards
174(2)
Pointing Devices
176(5)
Mice
176(1)
Electronic Pens
177(3)
Touch Screens
180(1)
Other Pointing Devices
181(1)
Scanners and Related Devices
181(8)
Scanners
183(2)
Optical Mark Readers (OMRs)
185(1)
Bar-Code Readers
185(2)
Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Devices
187(1)
Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR) Readers
187(2)
Biometric Input Devices
189(2)
Multimedia Input Devices
191(4)
Digital Cameras
191(2)
Audio Input Devices
193(2)
Display Devices
195(5)
Display Device Characteristics
195(2)
CRT Monitors
197(1)
Flat-Panel Displays
197(1)
Smart Displays
198(1)
HDTV Monitors
198(1)
Data and Multimedia Projectors
199(1)
Emerging Display Technologies and Applications
199(1)
Printers
200(8)
Printer Characteristics
200(4)
Laser Printers
204(1)
Ink-Jet Printers
205(1)
Special-Purpose Printers
206(2)
Fax Machines and Multifunction Devices
208(1)
Multimedia Output Devices
208(11)
Speakers
208(1)
Voice-Output Systems
209(1)
Summary
210(2)
Key Terms
212(1)
Review Activities
213(2)
Projects
215(4)
MODULE Software
219(90)
Systems Software: Operating Systems and Utilities
221(40)
Overview
222(1)
System Software vs. Application Software
222(1)
The Operating System
223(9)
Functions of an Operating System
224(3)
Processing Techniques for Increased Efficiency
227(3)
Differences Among Operating Systems
230(2)
Operating Systems for Desktop PCs and Servers
232(8)
DOS
233(1)
Windows
234(3)
Mac OS
237(1)
UNIX
237(1)
Linux
238(1)
NetWare
239(1)
OS/2 and OS/2 Warp
240(1)
Solaris
240(1)
Operating Systems for Handheld PCs and Mobile Devices
240(2)
Embedded and Mobile Versions of Windows
240(2)
Palm OS
242(1)
Symbian OS
242(1)
Operating Systems for Larger Computers
242(1)
Utility Programs
243(8)
File Management Programs
243(3)
Antivirus Programs
246(1)
Diagnostic and Disk Management Programs
246(1)
Uninstall Utilities
247(1)
File Compression Programs
248(1)
Backup and Recovery Utilities
248(2)
Encryption Programs
250(1)
Network and Internet Utilities
250(1)
The Future of Operating Systems
251(10)
Summary
252(2)
Key Terms
254(1)
Review Activities
255(2)
Projects
257(4)
Application Software
261(48)
Overview
262(1)
The Basics of Application Software
262(9)
Types of Application Software
262(1)
Ownership Rights and Delivery Methods
263(3)
Software Suites
266(2)
Object Linking and Embedding (OLE)
268(1)
Desktop vs. Handheld PC Software
269(1)
Getting Help
270(1)
Word Processing Concepts
271(5)
What Is Word Processing?
271(1)
Creating and Editing a Word Processing Document
272(1)
Formatting a Document
273(2)
Graphics, Tables, and Templates
275(1)
Word Processing and the Web
275(1)
Spreadsheet Concepts
276(5)
What Is a Spreadsheet?
276(1)
Creating and Editing a Worksheet
276(3)
Formatting a Worksheet
279(1)
Charts and What-If Analysis
280(1)
Spreadsheets and the Web
281(1)
Database Concepts
281(4)
What Is a Database?
281(1)
Creating a Database
282(1)
Modifying a Database
283(1)
Queries and Reports
284(1)
Databases and the Web
285(1)
Presentation Graphics Concepts
285(3)
What Is a Presentation Graphic?
285(1)
Creating a Presentation
286(1)
Enhancing and Finishing a Presentation
287(1)
Presentation Graphics and the Web
288(1)
Graphics and Multimedia Concepts
288(9)
Multimedia Applications
289(2)
Types of Graphics and Multimedia Software
291(5)
Graphics, Multimedia, and the Web
296(1)
Other Types of Application Software
297(12)
Desktop and Personal Publishing Software
297(1)
Accounting and Personal Finance Software
298(1)
Educational, Entertainment, and Reference Software
298(1)
CAD and Other Types of Design Software
298(1)
Project Management Software
298(2)
Summary
300(2)
Key Terms
302(1)
Review Activities
303(2)
Projects
305(4)
MODULE Networks and the Internet
309(108)
Computer Networks
311(52)
Overview
312(1)
Networking and Communications Applications
312(5)
Wireless Phones
313(1)
Paging and Messaging
313(1)
Global Positioning Systems (GPSs)
314(1)
Satellite Radio
314(1)
Online Conferencing
314(1)
Collaborative Computing
315(1)
Telecommuting
316(1)
Telemedicine
316(1)
What is a Network and How Does it Transmit Data?
317(10)
Data Transmission Characteristics
317(3)
Wired vs. Wireless Connections
320(1)
Wired Network Transmission Media
320(2)
Wireless Network Transmission Media
322(5)
Types of Networks
327(4)
Network Topologies
327(1)
Network Architectures
328(1)
LANs, WANs, and Other Types of Networks
329(2)
Networking Hardware
331(5)
Network Adapters
331(1)
Modems
332(2)
Hubs, Switches, and Other Networking Hardware
334(2)
Communications Protocols
336(8)
Ethernet
336(1)
Token Ring
337(1)
TCP/IP
337(1)
802.11 (Wi-Fi)
338(3)
Bluetooth
341(1)
Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
342(1)
Other Networking Protocols
342(2)
Network Security Issues
344(19)
Unauthorized Access and Use
344(5)
Computer Sabotage
349(5)
Summary
354(2)
Key Terms
356(1)
Review Activities
357(2)
Projects
359(4)
The Internet and World Wide Web
363(54)
Overview
364(1)
Evolution of the Internet
364(7)
From Arpanet to Internet2
365(2)
The Internet Community Today
367(3)
Myths About the Internet
370(1)
Getting Set Up to Use the Internet
371(8)
Type of Device
371(1)
Type of Connection and Internet Access
372(5)
Selecting an ISP and Setting Up Your PC
377(2)
Searching the Internet
379(6)
Search Sites
379(2)
Search Strategies
381(3)
Evaluating Search.Results
384(1)
Citing Internet Resources
385(1)
Beyond Browsing and E-Mail
385(16)
Online Financial Transactions
385(3)
Online Entertainment
388(8)
Online News and Research
396(1)
Online Education
397(4)
Peer-to-Peer File Sharing
401(1)
Censorship and Privacy Issues
401(6)
Censorship
402(1)
Web Browsing Privacy
402(5)
E-Mail Privacy
407(1)
The Future of the Internet
407(10)
Summary
408(2)
Key Terms
410(1)
Review Activities
411(2)
Projects
413(4)
MODULE Internet Applications
417(72)
Multimedia and the Web
419(36)
Overview
420(1)
What is Web-Based Multimedia?
420(1)
Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Multimedia
420(1)
Multimedia Elements
421(9)
Text
421(2)
Graphics
423(4)
Animation
427(1)
Audio
427(3)
Video
430(1)
Multimedia Web Site Design
430(8)
Basic Design Principles
430(2)
Determining the Intended Audience and Objectives
432(1)
Using Flowcharts, Page Layouts, and Storyboards
433(1)
Navigational Design Considerations
433(3)
Access Considerations
436(2)
Multimedia Web Site Development
438(7)
Creating the Multimedia Elements
438(1)
Creating the Web Site
438(6)
Testing and Maintaining the Site
444(1)
The Future of Web-Based Multimedia
445(10)
Summary
446(2)
Key Terms
448(1)
Review Activities
449(2)
Projects
451(4)
E-Commerce
455(34)
Overview
456(1)
What is E-Commerce?
456(5)
Benefits of E-Commerce
458(2)
Risks of E-Commerce
460(1)
Types of E-Commerce Web Sites
461(3)
Manufacturer and E-Tailer Web Sites
462(1)
Brokerage Sites
462(2)
E-Commerce Business Models
464(2)
Business to Consumer (B2C)
464(1)
Business to Business (B2B)
465(1)
Consumer to Consumer (C2C)
465(1)
Business to Government (B2G)
465(1)
Intermediary Hubs
466(1)
Implementing Web-Based E-Commerce
466(13)
Step 1: Select Appropriate Business Models and Types of Web Sites
467(1)
Step 2: Select Desired E-Commerce Applications
467(1)
Step 3: Develop Procedures for Handling Electronic Financial Transactions
467(7)
Step 4: Design and Develop an Effective Web Site
474(1)
Step 5: Implement Appropriate Sales and Marketing Strategies
475(4)
Security Issues
479(10)
Summary
480(2)
Key Terms
482(1)
Review Activities
483(2)
Projects
485(4)
MODULE Systems
489(126)
Information Systems and System Development
491(42)
Overview
492(1)
What Is an Information System?
492(1)
Who Uses Information Systems?
493(1)
Executive Management
493(1)
Middle Management
494(1)
Operational Management
494(1)
Non-Management Workers
494(1)
Types of Information Systems
494(15)
Office Systems
494(1)
Transaction Processing Systems
495(3)
Management Information Systems (MISs)
498(1)
Decision Support Systems (DSSs)
498(1)
Geographical Information Systems (GISs)
498(1)
Enterprise-Wide and Inter-Enterprise Systems
499(5)
Design and Manufacturing Systems
504(1)
Artificial Intelligence Systems
504(5)
Responsibility for System Development
509(4)
The Information Systems Department
511(1)
Outsourcing Companies
511(2)
The System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
513(9)
Preliminary Investigation
514(1)
System Analysis
515(2)
System Design
517(2)
System Acquisition
519(1)
System Implementation
520(2)
System Maintenance
522(1)
Approaches to System Development
522(11)
The Traditional Approach
522(1)
Prototyping
523(1)
End-User Development
523(1)
Summary
524(2)
Key Terms
526(1)
Review Activities
527(2)
Projects
529(4)
Program Development and Programming Languages
533(44)
Overview
534(1)
The Program Development Life Cycle (PDLC)
534(20)
Problem Analysis
535(1)
Program Design
536(10)
Program Coding
546(4)
Program Debugging and Testing
550(3)
Program Maintenance
553(1)
Tools for Facilitating Program Development
554(2)
Application Generators
554(1)
Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE)
555(1)
Software-Asset Management Tools
555(1)
Rapid-Application Development (RAD)
555(1)
Programming Languages
556(21)
What Is a Programming Language?
556(1)
Categories of Programming Languages
556(3)
Popular Programming Languages
559(9)
Summary
568(2)
Key Terms
570(1)
Review Activities
571(2)
Projects
573(4)
Databases and Databases Management Systems
577(38)
Overview
578(1)
What Is a Database?
578(4)
Relational Databases: A Simple Example
579(1)
Individuals Involved with a Database Management System
580(1)
The Evolution of Databases
581(1)
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Database Approach
581(1)
Data Concepts and Characteristics
582(9)
Data Hierarchy
584(1)
Entity Relationships
584(1)
Data Definition
584(2)
The Data Dictionary
586(1)
Data Integrity and Security
587(1)
Data Organization
588(3)
Database Classifications
591(2)
Single-User vs. Multiuser Systems
591(1)
Client-Server Systems
591(1)
N-Tier Database Systems
591(1)
Centralized vs. Distributed Database Systems
592(1)
In-Memory Databases
592(1)
Database Models
593(8)
The Hierarchical and Network Database Models
593(1)
The Relational Database Model
593(5)
The Object-Oriented Database Model
598(3)
Multidimensional Databases
601(1)
Databases and the Web
601(14)
Examples of Web Databases in Use
601(3)
How Web Databases Work
604(2)
Summary
606(2)
Key Terms
608(1)
Review Activities
609(2)
Projects
611(4)
MODULE Computers and Society
615
Computer Security and Privacy
617(46)
Overview
618(1)
Computer Crime and Other Security Concerns
618(9)
Hardware Theft, Damage, and System Failure
619(1)
Unauthorized Access, Unauthorized Use, and Computer Sabotage
620(1)
Online Theft, Fraud, and Other Dot Cons
620(4)
Software Piracy and Digital Counterfeiting
624(1)
Personal Safety Issues
625(2)
Security Safeguards
627(11)
Secure Hardware and Prepare for Disasters
627(2)
Secure Facilities, Transmissions, and Transactions
629(5)
Protect Against Security Breaches, Online Theft, Fraud, and Other Dot Cons
634(2)
Protect Against Software Piracy and Digital Counterfeiting
636(1)
Use Personal Safety Precautions
637(1)
Privacy Concerns
638(8)
Web Browsing and E-Mail Privacy
638(1)
Databases and Electronic Profiling
638(2)
Spam and Other Marketing Activities
640(2)
Electronic Surveillance and Monitoring
642(4)
Privacy Safeguards
646(5)
Protect Web Browsing and E-Mail Privacy
646(1)
Protect Personal Information
647(3)
Protect Workplace Privacy
650(1)
Security and Privacy Legislation
651(12)
Summary
654(2)
Key Terms
656(1)
Review Activities
657(2)
Projects
659(4)
Intellectual Property Rights, Ethics, Health, Access, and the Environment
663
Overview
664(1)
Intellectual Property Rights
664(4)
Copyrights
664(1)
Trademarks
665(2)
Patents
667(1)
Ethics
668(10)
Ethical Use of Copyrighted Material
669(2)
Ethical Use of Resources and Information
671(2)
Computer Hoaxes and Digital Manipulation
673(2)
Ethical Business Practices and Decision Making
675(3)
Computers and Health
678(8)
Physical Health
678(4)
Emotional Health
682(4)
Access to Technology
686(5)
The Digital Divide
686(2)
Assistive Technology
688(3)
Environmental Concerns
691(4)
Green Computing
691(1)
Recycling and Disposal of Computing Equipment
692(3)
Related Legislation
695
Summary
696(2)
Key Terms
698(1)
Review Activities
699(2)
Projects
701
2005 Update
Introduction
1(1)
Introduction to the World of Computers
2(2)
Using Your PC, Windows, and the Web
4(2)
Module Hardware
The System Unit: Processing and Memory
6(2)
Storage
8(2)
Input and Output
10(2)
Module Software
Systems Software: Operating Systems and Utilities
12(2)
Application Software
14(2)
Module Networks and the Internet
Computer Networks
16(2)
The Internet and World Wide Web
18(2)
Module Internet Applications
Multimedia and the Web
20(2)
E-Commerce
22(2)
Module Systems
Information Systems and System Development
24(2)
Program Development and Programming Languages
26(2)
Databases and Database Management Systems
28(2)
Module Computers and Society
Computer Security and Privacy
30(2)
Intellectual Property Rights, Ethics, Health, Access, and the Environment
32
References and Resources Guide
1(1)
Computer History Timeline
2(5)
A Look at Numbering Systems
7(4)
The Decimal and Binary Numbering System
7(1)
The Hexadecimal Numbering System
7(1)
Converting Between Numbering Systems
8(1)
Computer Arithmetic
9(1)
Using a Scientific Calculator
10(1)
Coding Charts
11(2)
ASCII and EBCDIC
11(1)
Unicode
12(1)
CPU Characteristics
13(1)
Guide to Buying a PC
14(5)
Analyzing Needs
14(1)
Listing Alternatives
15(2)
System Troubleshooting and Upgrading
17(2)
Web Guide
19(4)
Web Searching Tips: A Closer Look at Google
23(2)
Google Search Options
23(1)
Google Advanced Search
23(1)
Other Google Tools
24(1)
Answers to Self-Quiz
25
Credits 1(1)
Glossary/Index 1

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