Tuning Netfinity Servers for Performance,9780130406125

Tuning Netfinity Servers for Performance

by ; ; ; ; ;
ISBN13: 9780130406125
ISBN10: 0130406120
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2000-07-01
Publisher(s): Pearson P T R
List Price: $49.99

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Summary

Written by the IBM insiders that create IBM's leading-edge Netfinity server product line, this book offers start-to-finish coverage of optimizing Windows 2000 Server and Windows NT 4.0 Server on Netfinity servers. The authors introduce the technologies built into each major Netfinity subsystem, identifying key configuration settings and rules of thumb for enhancing performance. They review both the Windows 2000 performance console and Netfinity Capacity Manager, offering detailed instructions, comparisons, and insight into when to use each tool. Next, they present in-depth coverage of analyzing Netfinity Server systems to identify performance bottlenecks, detailed recommendations for eliminating, anticipating, and avoiding them. Finally, they offer in-depth insight for optimizing the performance of leading server applications, including Lotus Notes, Microsoft SQL Server, Exchange, Oracle Server, SAP R/3, and Windows Terminal Services.

Table of Contents

Foreword xv
Preface xvii
The team that wrote this redbook xviii
Comments welcome xx
Introduction
1(6)
Three phases
1(1)
Netfinity Performance Lab
2(1)
IBM Center for Microsoft Technologies
3(1)
This redbook
4(3)
Understanding server types
7(12)
Domain controllers
7(3)
Windows 2000 Active Directory domain controllers
9(1)
File and print servers
10(2)
Print server
11(1)
Database servers
12(1)
E-mail servers
13(1)
Web servers
14(1)
Groupware servers
15(1)
Multimedia server
15(1)
Communication server
16(1)
Terminal server
17(2)
Part 1. Server subsystems 19(196)
Introduction
21(4)
Processors and cache subsystem
25(38)
Processors
25(19)
Pentium
25(2)
Pentium Pro
27(2)
Pentium II
29(5)
Pentium II Xeon
34(3)
Pentium III and Pentium III Xeon processors
37(7)
Processor summary
44(1)
SMP design and performance
44(8)
Hardware scaleability
45(5)
Software scaleability
50(2)
Processor performance
52(2)
L2 cache size
52(1)
CPU clock speed
52(1)
Number of processors
53(1)
Rules of thumb
54(9)
CPU rules of thumb
54(3)
L2 cache rules of thumb
57(3)
CPU scaleability rules of thumb
60(3)
PCI bus subsystem
63(30)
Design
63(1)
PCI bus operation
64(1)
PCI bus performance
65(1)
PCI bridges and multiple PCI buses
66(2)
PCI chipsets
68(25)
Intel 440LX chipset
70(2)
Intel 440BX chipset
72(4)
Intel 440GX chipset
76(1)
Intel 450GX chipset
77(4)
Intel 450NX chipset
81(2)
Reliance Champion 2.0 LE chipset
83(2)
Reliance Champion 2.0 HE chipset
85(3)
ServerWorks ServerSet III LE chipset
88(2)
Intel Profusion chipset
90(3)
Memory subsystem
93(26)
Memory types
93(2)
Specifying memory performance
95(1)
Fast page mode memory
95(2)
FPM performance
96(1)
Extended data out (EDO) memory
97(1)
EDO performance
97(1)
Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM)
98(3)
Registered and unregistered DIMMs
98(1)
PC 100 and PC 133 memory
99(1)
SDRAM performance
99(1)
Double Data Rate memory (DDR)
100(1)
DDR performance
100(1)
Rambus memory
101(1)
Memory interleaving
101(5)
Netfinity 8500R performance
104(1)
Netfinity 7000 M 10 performance
105(1)
Addressing memory above 4 GB
106(9)
PAE-36 and PSE-36
107(1)
Physical Address Extension (PAE)
108(1)
Page Size Extension (PSE)
109(2)
Address Windowing Extensions (AWE)
111(4)
Advanced ECC memory (Chipkill)
115(2)
Memory rules of thumb
117(2)
Disk subsystem
119(60)
SCSI bus overview
120(4)
SCSI
120(1)
SCSI-2
120(1)
Ultra SCSI
121(1)
Ultra2 SCSI
121(1)
Ultra3 SCSI
122(1)
SCSI controllers and devices
122(2)
SCSI IDs
124(1)
Disk array controller architecture
124(1)
Disk array controller operation
125(2)
RAID summary
127(9)
RAID-0
128(1)
RAID-1
129(1)
RAID-1E
130(1)
RAID-5
131(1)
RAID-5E
132(2)
Composite RAID levels
134(2)
ServeRAID RAID-5 algorithms
136(4)
Read/modify write algorithm
137(1)
Full XOR algorithm
138(1)
Sequential write commands
139(1)
Factors affecting disk array controller performance
140(19)
RAID strategy
140(1)
Number of drives
141(2)
Drive performance
143(2)
Logical drive configuration
145(1)
Stripe size
146(4)
SCSI bus organization and speed
150(3)
Disk cache write-back versus write-through
153(2)
RAID adapter cache size
155(1)
Device drivers
156(2)
Firmware
158(1)
Fibre Channel
159(17)
Fibre Channel performance issues
163(8)
Tuning with Netfinity FAStT Storage Manager
171(5)
Disk subsystem rules of thumb
176(3)
Network subsystem
179(12)
Operation
179(2)
Performance
181(1)
Network design
182(2)
Device drivers
184(1)
Load balancing
185(1)
Adaptive load balancing (ALB)
185(1)
Fast EtherChannel (FEC)
186(1)
Gigabit EtherChannel (GEC)
186(1)
Data transmission unit size tuning
186(2)
Media and link layer
186(1)
Transport layer
187(1)
TCP/IP tuning
187(1)
LAN rules of thumb
188(3)
Operating system
191(24)
Introducing Windows 2000
191(2)
Tuning
193(16)
Application performance boost
193(3)
Virtual memory
196(3)
Optimizing for Windows paging
199(2)
Specifying the server type
201(2)
Disabling unnecessary services
203(3)
Remove unnecessary networking protocols and services
206(1)
Optimize the protocol binding order
207(1)
Log off the server
208(1)
Install the latest device drivers
209(1)
Distribute the work load
209(1)
File systems
209(6)
Disabling short name generation
210(1)
CPU intensive applications
211(1)
Tuning TCP/IP
211(2)
Tuning domain controllers
213(2)
Part 2. Monitoring tools 215(84)
Performance monitoring tools
217(4)
Comparing the tools
218(3)
Using Performance Monitor
218(1)
Using Capacity Manager
219(2)
Windows 2000 Performance console
221(36)
Overview
223(4)
System Monitor
224(1)
Performance Logs and Alerts
225(1)
Objects, counters and instances
226(1)
System Monitor
227(5)
Adding counters
230(2)
Deleting objects
232(1)
Saving object and counter settings
232(1)
Highlighting an object counter
232(1)
Performance Logs and Alerts
232(25)
Counter logs
233(7)
Alerts
240(4)
Trace logs
244(4)
Key objects and counters
248(2)
Customizing the Performance console
250(2)
Using the Performance console with other tools
252(2)
Missing performance objects
254(1)
Resource Kit tools for performance
255(2)
Capacity Manager
257(34)
What's new?
258(1)
Capacity Manager data files
258(1)
Installing Capacity Manager
259(2)
Monitor Activator
261(1)
Report Generator
262(10)
Creating a new report definition
263(6)
Working with predefined reports
269(1)
Generating a report
270(2)
Report Viewer
272(10)
Setting thresholds
274(2)
The System pane
276(2)
The Monitor pane
278(1)
The Graph pane
278(4)
Performance analysis
282(9)
Reports produced
283(2)
Types of bottlencks
285(1)
Setting critical and warning threshold values
286(2)
Forecast
288(3)
Task Manager
291(8)
Starting Task Manager
291(1)
Processes tab
291(4)
Performance tab
295(4)
Part 3. Working with bottlenecks 299(74)
Spotting a bottleneck
301(10)
Step 1: Questions to ask
301(1)
Step 2: Analyzing the server's performance
302(6)
Processor subsystem
304(1)
Memory subsystem
305(1)
Disk subsystem
306(1)
Network subsystem
307(1)
Step 3: How can it be fixed?
308(2)
Conclusion
310(1)
Analyzing bottlenecks
311(42)
Basic tuning strategy
311(1)
Factors affecting server performance
312(2)
Application considerations
313(1)
Performance bottlenecks
314(1)
Measuring current performance
314(1)
CPU bottlenecks
315(5)
Finding CPU bottlenecks
315(2)
Performance tuning options
317(3)
Memory bottlenecks
320(5)
Paged and non-paged RAM
320(1)
Virtual memory system
321(1)
Hard page faults
322(1)
Finding memory bottlenecks
322(2)
Performance tuning options
324(1)
Disk bottlenecks
325(5)
Finding disk bottlenecks
326(2)
Performance tuning options
328(2)
Network bottlenecks
330(12)
Finding network bottlenecks
330(4)
Performance tuning options
334(7)
Monitoring network protocols
341(1)
Anticipating future bottlenecks
342(4)
Detecting future bottlenecks
342(1)
Performance analysis
343(3)
Performance summary and configuration tips
346(5)
CPU rules of thumb
346(1)
Disk subsystem rules of thumb
346(1)
Memory rules of thumb
346(1)
LAN rules of thumb
347(1)
McKnight's rule of server behavior
347(4)
Summary
351(2)
Case studies
353(20)
Lotus Notes server
353(7)
Performance measurement
354(1)
Data analysis
354(6)
Summary
360(1)
File server
360(5)
Performance measurement
360(1)
Data analysis
361(3)
Summary
364(1)
ERP application server
365(8)
Data analysis
365(5)
Summary
370(3)
Part 4. Applications 373(182)
File server
375(10)
The effect of server hardware on performance
375(3)
Optimizing operating system performance
378(4)
Application responsiveness
378(1)
System cache
379(2)
Virtual memory
381(1)
Performance monitoring
382(3)
Lotus Domino
385(56)
Important subsystems
385(1)
Sizing and optimizing the hardware
386(2)
Memory subsystem
386(1)
Processor subsystem
387(1)
Disk subsystem
387(1)
Optimizing operating system performance
388(5)
Application responsiveness
388(2)
System cache
390(2)
NTFS allocation unit and stripe size considerations
392(1)
Optimizing Lotus Domino performance
393(43)
Changing statements in the notes. ini file
393(1)
Configuring server tasks
394(2)
Optimizing database performance
396(10)
Improving mail performance
406(8)
Calendaring and scheduling resource usage
414(2)
Minimizing logging activity
416(1)
Improving Agent Manager performance
417(3)
Managing server sessions
420(2)
Controlling user access
422(1)
Improving replication performance
423(1)
Enabling of transaction logging
424(1)
Improving Web server performance
425(8)
Using port encryption
433(1)
Lotus Domino partitioning
434(1)
Balancing workload in a Lotus Domino cluster
434(2)
Maintaining Lotus Domino servers
436(1)
Planning for future growth
437(1)
Top 10 ways to improve your server's performance
437(2)
Summary
439(2)
Microsoft Exchange Server
441(24)
Mail server
441(6)
Network subsystem
442(1)
Memory subsystem
442(2)
CPU subsystem
444(1)
Disk subsystem
445(2)
Groupware server
447(1)
Other server performance factors
447(1)
Exchange Server performance settings
448(6)
Using the Performance console
454(7)
Predefined charts
455(1)
Basic counters
455(1)
Exchange Server performance monitoring
456(5)
Capacity management using LoadSim
461(4)
Generating scores using LsLog
462(1)
Performance tools and LoadSim
462(1)
Performance criteria
463(2)
SAP R/3
465(24)
SAP R/3 application servers
466(1)
Important subsystems
467(1)
Optimizing Windows NT and Windows 2000 performance
468(5)
Application responsiveness
468(1)
System cache
469(2)
Virtual memory
471(2)
Disable unnecessary Windows NT or Windows 2000 services
473(1)
SAP R/3 monitoring and tuning
473(13)
Tuning SAP R/3 performance
480(3)
Tuning Microsoft SQL Server 7.0 for SAP R/3 performance
483(3)
Hardware tuning and configuration tips
486(1)
System configuration
487(1)
Disk array controller optimization
487(1)
Summary
487(2)
Microsoft SQL Server 7.0
489(30)
What's new in Microsoft SQL Server 7.0
490(1)
SQL Server performance tuning basics
491(1)
Important subsystems
492(1)
Optimizing Windows NT and Windows 2000
493(5)
Application responsiveness
493(2)
System cache
495(1)
Virtual memory
496(2)
The database environment
498(1)
Optimizing SQL Server subsystems
499(8)
Max async I/O
499(1)
Worker threads
500(1)
LazyWriter
500(1)
Checkpoint
501(2)
Log manager
503(1)
Read-ahead manager
504(1)
Separating data and selecting RAID levels
505(2)
SQL Server indexes
507(8)
Non-clustered Indexes
508(1)
Clustered Indexes
509(1)
Covering indexes
509(1)
Automatic covering indexes or covered queries
510(1)
Index selection
510(1)
Clustered index selection
511(2)
Importance of FILLFACTOR and PAD_INDEX
513(2)
SQL Server 7.0 performance objects
515(4)
Oracle
519(24)
Oracle architecture
521(4)
Memory
522(1)
Processes
523(1)
DBMS files
524(1)
OLTP vs OLAP
525(2)
Online transaction processing
525(1)
Online analytical processing
526(1)
Important subsystems
527(1)
Operating system optimization
527(3)
Oracle memory optimization
530(8)
Shared pool
531(1)
Database buffer cache
532(2)
Redo log buffer cache
534(1)
Oracle disk I/O optimization
535(3)
Monitoring database performance
538(2)
Performance Monitor counters
540(2)
Summary
542(1)
Windows 2000 Terminal Services
543(12)
Important subsystems
543(3)
Memory
543(1)
Processor
544(1)
Network
545(1)
Tuning
546(6)
Paging file
546(1)
Network load balancing
546(1)
Applications
547(1)
Performance boost options
548(4)
Citrix MetaFrame
552(3)
Citrix load balancing
554(1)
Part 5. Appendixes 555(14)
Appendix A. Special notices
557(4)
Appendix B. Related publications
561(6)
B.1 IBM Redbooks
561(1)
B.2 IBM Redbooks collections
561(1)
B.3 Referenced Web sites and online documents
562(5)
How to get IBM Redbooks
567(2)
IBM Redbooks fax order form
568(1)
Abbreviations and acronyms 569(4)
Index 573(20)
IBM Redbooks review 593

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