State Assessment Policy and Practice for English Language Learners: A National Perspective

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Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2006-03-14
Publisher(s): Lawrence Erlbau
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Summary

State Assessment Policy and Practice for English Language Learnerspresents three significant studies, each examining a different aspect of states' strategies for including English language learners in state assessments. *an Analysis of State Assessment Policies Regarding Accommodations for English Language Learners; *a Survey and Description of Test Translation Practices; and *an Examination of State Practices for Reporting Participation and Performance of English Language Learners in State Assessments. With the rise in population of English language learners and the subsequent stepped-up legislative focus on this student population over the past decade, states have been challenged to include English language learners in state assessment programs. Until now, the little data available on states' policies and practices for meeting this challenge has been embedded in various reports and professional journals and scattered across the Internet. This volume offers, for the first time, a focused examination of states' assessment policies and practices regarding English language learners. The three studies were supported by OELA, the U.S. Department of Education's Office of English Language Acquisition, Language Enhancement, and Academic Achievement for Limited English Proficient Students. State Assessment Policy and Practice for English Language Learnersis of interest to researchers and professionals involved with the assessment of English language learners; state- and district-level policy makers; and academics, teacher educators, and graduate students in a number of fields, including educational and psychological assessment, testing and measurement, bilingual education, English as a second language, and second language acquisition.

Table of Contents

List of Tables xiii
List of Figures xix
Preface xxiii
About the Contributors xxix
INTRODUCTION: INCLUDING AND ACCOUNTING FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS IN STATE ASSESSMENT SYSTEMS xxxiii
Charlene Rivera and Eric Callum
The Legislative Drive to Account for ELLs
xxxvii
Inclusion Requirements
xxxviii
Accountability Requirements
xxxix
The Challenge of Including ELLs and Accounting for ELLs' Academic Performance
xli
Review of State Assessment Policy Studies
xliii
Conclusion
xlv
References
xlvii
STUDY 1: AN ANALYSIS OF STATE ASSESSMENT POLICIES REGARDING THE ACCOMMODATION OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS 1(174)
Charlene Rivera, Eric Collura, Lynn Shafer Willner, and Jose Ku Sia, Jr.
Overview
2(24)
Research Design and Methodology
2(3)
Key Issues Informing the Accommodation of ELLs
5(3)
Research on Accommodations
8(14)
How Second Language Acquisition Research Informs the Use of Accommodations
22(2)
Conclusion
24(2)
Accommodations for ELLs in State Assessment Policies
26(89)
General Characteristics of States' Assessment Policies Addressing the Accommodation of ELLs
26(12)
Analysis of Individual Accommodations Found in States' Assessment Policies
38(44)
The Accommodations Decision-Making Process
82(10)
Analysis of Subgroups of States' Policies
92(21)
Conclusion
113(2)
Discussion
115(12)
How States' Policies Addressed Accommodations for ELLs
116(5)
Accommodations Available to ELLs
121(1)
The Accommodation Decision-Making Process
122(3)
Analysis of Subgroups of States' Policies
125(2)
Recommendations
127(4)
Guide Selection of ELL-Responsive Accommodations Through Clear and Comprehensive Policy
127(2)
Develop the Accommodations Knowledge Base Through Research
129(2)
References
131(6)
Appendix 1-A
137(12)
Overview of Accommodations Research
137(12)
Review of Individual Studies
137(12)
Appendix 1-B
149(26)
Policy Documents Submitted by States
149(26)
STUDY 2: TEST TRANSLATION AND STATE ASSESSMENT POLICIES FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS 175(132)
Charles W. Stanfield and Melissa Bowles
Purpose and Methodology
176(3)
Purpose
176(1)
Methodology
177(2)
Key Issues Affecting Test Translation
179(14)
Factors Affecting States' Decisions to Translate State Assessments
180(3)
Factors Affecting Test Equivalence
183(9)
Conclusion
192(1)
Analysis of State Policies Regarding Test Translation
193(16)
General Policy
194(1)
Sight Translation
195(5)
Written Translation
200(7)
Caveats
207(1)
Summary and Conclusion
208(1)
Case Studies of States' Test Translation Procedures
209(85)
Arizona
211(1)
Colorado
212(9)
Delaware
221(7)
Massachusetts
228(9)
Minnesota
237(7)
New Mexico
244(6)
New York
250(10)
Oregon
260(9)
Rhode Island
269(6)
Texas
275(8)
Utah
283(6)
Vermont
289(5)
Discussion and Recommendations
294(9)
Preliminary Considerations
295(1)
Guidelines for Written Translation
296(5)
Guidelines for Audiotaped Translation
301(1)
Guidelines for Sight Translation
301(1)
Guidelines for Response in Native Language
302(1)
Recommendations
303(1)
References
303(4)
Appendix 2-A 307(1)
Interview Protocol 307(4)
I. Background Questions
307(1)
II. The Translation Process
308(1)
III. Other Forms of Communication in the Non-English Language
309(1)
IV. Technology
309(1)
V. Research
309(1)
VI. District Translation
310(1)
VII. The Future
310(1)
Appendix 2-B 311(1)
Policy Documents Submitted by States 311(4)
STUDY 3: STATE PRACTICES FOR REPORTING PARTICIPATION AND PERFORMANCE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS IN STATE ASSESSMENTS 315(112)
Martha L. Thurlow, Debra Albus, Kristin K. Liu, and Charlene Rivera
Review of Research on State Assessment Reports
316(2)
Purpose and Methodology
318(5)
Purpose
318(1)
Methodology
319(4)
State Practices: Availability and Comprehensiveness of ELL Data in State Assessment Reports
323(15)
Availability of State Reports
324(1)
Comprehensiveness of Reporting on ELLs
324(10)
Summary of Findings
334(4)
Reporting Participation and Performance
338(16)
Accounting for All ELLs
339(2)
Participation Reporting Categories
341(1)
Reporting on Exempted Students
342(2)
Types of Scores Reported
344(2)
Accommodated Tests
346(3)
Native Language Tests
349(1)
ELL Participation and Performance in Native Language Tests
349(3)
Summary of Findings
352(2)
Reporting by States with Large and Small ELL Student Populations
354(3)
States With Large ELL Populations
354(1)
States With Small ELL Populations
355(2)
Summary of Findings on Reporting and ELL Student Population Size
357(1)
Content Area Assessment: Participation and Performance of ELLs
357(7)
Participation Reported for Content Areas
358(2)
Content Area Assessment Performance
360(2)
National Percentile Rank Reporting
362(1)
Summary of Findings
362(2)
Statewide Alternate Assessments for ELLs and Assessments Designed for ELLs
364(4)
Findings
364(2)
Data Reported for Alternate and ELL-Specific Assessments
366(2)
Summary of Findings on ELL-Specific Assessments
368(1)
Effective State Reporting Practices
368(15)
Print Reporting
369(11)
Web Reporting
380(3)
Conclusion
383(6)
Highlights of the Findings
384(2)
Recommendations
386(3)
References
389(4)
Appendix 3-A
393(24)
State Accountability Reports
393(24)
Print Sources
394(3)
Web-Based Sources: Study Data Actively Displayed
397(5)
Web-Based Sources: Study Data No Longer Displayed
402(15)
Appendix 3-B
417(2)
List of Acronyms for State Tests Referenced in the Study
417(2)
Appendix 3-C
419(8)
Description of Elements Found in State Score Reports Examined in the Study
419(8)
CONCLUSION 427(8)
Charlene Rivera and Eric Callum
Author Index 435(4)
Subject Index 439

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