List of Tables |
|
xiii | |
List of Figures |
|
xix | |
Preface |
|
xxiii | |
About the Contributors |
|
xxix | |
INTRODUCTION: INCLUDING AND ACCOUNTING FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS IN STATE ASSESSMENT SYSTEMS |
|
xxxiii | |
|
Charlene Rivera and Eric Callum |
|
|
|
The Legislative Drive to Account for ELLs |
|
|
xxxvii | |
|
|
xxxviii | |
|
Accountability Requirements |
|
|
xxxix | |
|
The Challenge of Including ELLs and Accounting for ELLs' Academic Performance |
|
|
xli | |
|
Review of State Assessment Policy Studies |
|
|
xliii | |
|
|
xlv | |
|
|
xlvii | |
STUDY 1: AN ANALYSIS OF STATE ASSESSMENT POLICIES REGARDING THE ACCOMMODATION OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS |
|
1 | (174) |
|
Charlene Rivera, Eric Collura, Lynn Shafer Willner, and Jose Ku Sia, Jr. |
|
|
|
|
2 | (24) |
|
Research Design and Methodology |
|
|
2 | (3) |
|
Key Issues Informing the Accommodation of ELLs |
|
|
5 | (3) |
|
Research on Accommodations |
|
|
8 | (14) |
|
How Second Language Acquisition Research Informs the Use of Accommodations |
|
|
22 | (2) |
|
|
24 | (2) |
|
Accommodations for ELLs in State Assessment Policies |
|
|
26 | (89) |
|
General Characteristics of States' Assessment Policies Addressing the Accommodation of ELLs |
|
|
26 | (12) |
|
Analysis of Individual Accommodations Found in States' Assessment Policies |
|
|
38 | (44) |
|
The Accommodations Decision-Making Process |
|
|
82 | (10) |
|
Analysis of Subgroups of States' Policies |
|
|
92 | (21) |
|
|
113 | (2) |
|
|
115 | (12) |
|
How States' Policies Addressed Accommodations for ELLs |
|
|
116 | (5) |
|
Accommodations Available to ELLs |
|
|
121 | (1) |
|
The Accommodation Decision-Making Process |
|
|
122 | (3) |
|
Analysis of Subgroups of States' Policies |
|
|
125 | (2) |
|
|
127 | (4) |
|
Guide Selection of ELL-Responsive Accommodations Through Clear and Comprehensive Policy |
|
|
127 | (2) |
|
Develop the Accommodations Knowledge Base Through Research |
|
|
129 | (2) |
|
|
131 | (6) |
|
|
137 | (12) |
|
Overview of Accommodations Research |
|
|
137 | (12) |
|
Review of Individual Studies |
|
|
137 | (12) |
|
|
149 | (26) |
|
Policy Documents Submitted by States |
|
|
149 | (26) |
STUDY 2: TEST TRANSLATION AND STATE ASSESSMENT POLICIES FOR ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS |
|
175 | (132) |
|
Charles W. Stanfield and Melissa Bowles |
|
|
|
|
176 | (3) |
|
|
176 | (1) |
|
|
177 | (2) |
|
Key Issues Affecting Test Translation |
|
|
179 | (14) |
|
Factors Affecting States' Decisions to Translate State Assessments |
|
|
180 | (3) |
|
Factors Affecting Test Equivalence |
|
|
183 | (9) |
|
|
192 | (1) |
|
Analysis of State Policies Regarding Test Translation |
|
|
193 | (16) |
|
|
194 | (1) |
|
|
195 | (5) |
|
|
200 | (7) |
|
|
207 | (1) |
|
|
208 | (1) |
|
Case Studies of States' Test Translation Procedures |
|
|
209 | (85) |
|
|
211 | (1) |
|
|
212 | (9) |
|
|
221 | (7) |
|
|
228 | (9) |
|
|
237 | (7) |
|
|
244 | (6) |
|
|
250 | (10) |
|
|
260 | (9) |
|
|
269 | (6) |
|
|
275 | (8) |
|
|
283 | (6) |
|
|
289 | (5) |
|
Discussion and Recommendations |
|
|
294 | (9) |
|
Preliminary Considerations |
|
|
295 | (1) |
|
Guidelines for Written Translation |
|
|
296 | (5) |
|
Guidelines for Audiotaped Translation |
|
|
301 | (1) |
|
Guidelines for Sight Translation |
|
|
301 | (1) |
|
Guidelines for Response in Native Language |
|
|
302 | (1) |
|
|
303 | (1) |
|
|
303 | (4) |
Appendix 2-A |
|
307 | (1) |
Interview Protocol |
|
307 | (4) |
|
|
307 | (1) |
|
II. The Translation Process |
|
|
308 | (1) |
|
III. Other Forms of Communication in the Non-English Language |
|
|
309 | (1) |
|
|
309 | (1) |
|
|
309 | (1) |
|
|
310 | (1) |
|
|
310 | (1) |
Appendix 2-B |
|
311 | (1) |
Policy Documents Submitted by States |
|
311 | (4) |
STUDY 3: STATE PRACTICES FOR REPORTING PARTICIPATION AND PERFORMANCE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNERS IN STATE ASSESSMENTS |
|
315 | (112) |
|
Martha L. Thurlow, Debra Albus, Kristin K. Liu, and Charlene Rivera |
|
|
|
Review of Research on State Assessment Reports |
|
|
316 | (2) |
|
|
318 | (5) |
|
|
318 | (1) |
|
|
319 | (4) |
|
State Practices: Availability and Comprehensiveness of ELL Data in State Assessment Reports |
|
|
323 | (15) |
|
Availability of State Reports |
|
|
324 | (1) |
|
Comprehensiveness of Reporting on ELLs |
|
|
324 | (10) |
|
|
334 | (4) |
|
Reporting Participation and Performance |
|
|
338 | (16) |
|
|
339 | (2) |
|
Participation Reporting Categories |
|
|
341 | (1) |
|
Reporting on Exempted Students |
|
|
342 | (2) |
|
|
344 | (2) |
|
|
346 | (3) |
|
|
349 | (1) |
|
ELL Participation and Performance in Native Language Tests |
|
|
349 | (3) |
|
|
352 | (2) |
|
Reporting by States with Large and Small ELL Student Populations |
|
|
354 | (3) |
|
States With Large ELL Populations |
|
|
354 | (1) |
|
States With Small ELL Populations |
|
|
355 | (2) |
|
Summary of Findings on Reporting and ELL Student Population Size |
|
|
357 | (1) |
|
Content Area Assessment: Participation and Performance of ELLs |
|
|
357 | (7) |
|
Participation Reported for Content Areas |
|
|
358 | (2) |
|
Content Area Assessment Performance |
|
|
360 | (2) |
|
National Percentile Rank Reporting |
|
|
362 | (1) |
|
|
362 | (2) |
|
Statewide Alternate Assessments for ELLs and Assessments Designed for ELLs |
|
|
364 | (4) |
|
|
364 | (2) |
|
Data Reported for Alternate and ELL-Specific Assessments |
|
|
366 | (2) |
|
Summary of Findings on ELL-Specific Assessments |
|
|
368 | (1) |
|
Effective State Reporting Practices |
|
|
368 | (15) |
|
|
369 | (11) |
|
|
380 | (3) |
|
|
383 | (6) |
|
Highlights of the Findings |
|
|
384 | (2) |
|
|
386 | (3) |
|
|
389 | (4) |
|
|
393 | (24) |
|
State Accountability Reports |
|
|
393 | (24) |
|
|
394 | (3) |
|
Web-Based Sources: Study Data Actively Displayed |
|
|
397 | (5) |
|
Web-Based Sources: Study Data No Longer Displayed |
|
|
402 | (15) |
|
|
417 | (2) |
|
List of Acronyms for State Tests Referenced in the Study |
|
|
417 | (2) |
|
|
419 | (8) |
|
Description of Elements Found in State Score Reports Examined in the Study |
|
|
419 | (8) |
CONCLUSION |
|
427 | (8) |
|
Charlene Rivera and Eric Callum |
|
|
Author Index |
|
435 | (4) |
Subject Index |
|
439 | |