Healing Arthritis

by Kendall-Reed, Penny; Reed, Stephen

ISBN13: 9781897025093

ISBN10: 1897025092

Format: Paperback

Pub. Date: 2004-06-01

Publisher(s): Canadian College of Naturopathic

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Summary

Arthritis has justifiably been called the chronic disease of our new century. Arthritis accounts for more impairment of function among middle-aged and older adults than any other disease. Twice as many people are limited in their mobility by arthritis than by heart disease. But arthritis is not a disease confined to the middle-aged and elderly. Arthritis causes debility and pain that can have a significant impact on our enjoyment of life at any age.

Author Biography

Penny Kendall-Reed (ND) is a naturopathic doctor who practices medicine at the Urban Wellness Clinic in Toronto and acts as an advisor to Jamieson Natural Sources supplement company throughout North America. A graduate of The Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine and McGill University, she is an engaging public speaker and health educator who appears regularly on television and radio. Stephen Reed (MD) is an orthopedic surgeon practicing at the Humber River Regional Hospital. After studying at Oxford University and gaining his fellowship certification as a surgeon, he trained at the Orthopedic and Arthritic Hospital in Toronto and The Brisbane Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Centre in Australia.

Quick Reference to Symptoms and Treatments	p. 15
Introduction	p. 21
What is Arthritis?	p. 29
Anatomy of Arthritis	p. 30
Specific Joints	p. 33
Hip	p. 33
Knee	p. 34
Shoulder	p. 37
Elbow	p. 38
Wrist	p. 38
Thumb	p. 39
Fingers	p. 39
Ankle	p. 39
Great Toe	p. 39
Spine (Neck and Back)	p. 40
Osteoarthritis	p. 40
Theories of Osteoarthritis	p. 41
Primary Osteoarthritis	p. 42
Obesity	p. 42
Exercise and Activity	p. 43
Biomechanics	p. 43
Hormonal Influence	p. 43
Nerve Supply	p. 44
Genetic Predisposition	p. 44
Secondary Osteoarthritis	p. 44
Fracture	p. 44
Bone Bruising	p. 45
Infection	p. 45
Ligament Injury	p. 45
Joint Dysplasia	p. 45
Surgery	p. 46
Avascular Necrosis	p. 46
Symptoms	p. 46
Pain	p. 47
Swelling	p. 47
Stiffness	p. 48
Grinding	p. 48
Reduced Function	p. 48
Age	p. 48
Arthritis of the Neck and Spine	p. 48
Rheumatoid Arthritis	p. 49
Theories of Rheumatoid Arthritis	p. 50
Symptoms	p. 51
Presentations of Rheumatoid Arthritis	p. 52
Ankylosing Spondylitis	p. 52
Symptoms	p. 53
Psoriatic Arhtritis	p. 54
Symptoms	p. 55
Systematic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)	p. 56
Symptoms	p. 56
Crystal Associated Arthritis	p. 57
Gout	p. 57
Symptoms	p. 58
Pseudogout	p. 58
Reactive Arthritis	p. 59
Symptoms	p. 59
Infectious Arthritis	p. 60
Sources	p. 60
Acute Bacterial Arthritis	p. 61
Gonococcal Arthritis	p. 61
Conditions Mistaken for Arthritis	p. 62
Neck and Back Conditions	p. 62
Neck and Back Injury	p. 62
Neck and Back Strains	p. 63
Definition of Whiplash Associated Disorders	p. 63
Mechanical or Chronic Low Back Pain	p. 65
Disc Herniation	p. 66
Arthralgia	p. 67
Tendonitis	p. 67
Myalgia	p. 67
Tenosynovitis	p. 67
Bursitis	p. 68
Tennis Elbow and Similar Conditions	p. 68
Chondromalacia	p. 69
Cracking Joints	p. 69
Frozen Shoulder	p. 69
Diagnosis and Prognosis in Arthritis	p. 70
Standard Tests	p. 71
X-rays	p. 71
Blood Tests	p. 71
Joint Fluid	p. 72
Bone Scan	p. 72
CAT Scan	p. 72
MRI Scan	p. 73
Specific Conditions	p. 73
Arthritis of the Spine	p. 73
Rheumatoid Arthritis	p. 74
Ankylosing Sponylitus	p. 75
Psoriatic Arthopathy	p. 75
Gout and Pseudogout	p. 76
Acute Bacterial or Septic Arthritis	p. 76
Treatment Plans	p. 77
Education	p. 78
Physical Treatments for Arthritis	p. 80
Rest	p. 80
Ice Treatments	p. 80
Superficial Heat Treatments	p. 81
Ultrasound	p. 82
Contrast Treatment	p. 83
Short-Wave Diathermy	p. 83
Interferential Bio Electrical Stimulation	p. 83
Hydrotherapy	p. 83
Physiotherapy	p. 84
Occupational Therapy	p. 84
Cane	p. 85
Bracing	p. 85
Orthotics	p. 85
Yoga	p. 86
Massage	p. 87
Magnets	p. 88
Acupuncture	p. 89
Chiropractic	p. 91
Dietary Treatments for Arthritis	p. 93
Weight Loss and Maintenance Diets	p. 94
Diet Trends	p. 94
The Naturopathic Diet	p. 97
The Hypoglycemia-Hyperglycemia Connection	p. 98
Insulin Resistance	p. 99
Stage One: Weight Loss	p. 100
Protein Sources	p. 100
Restricted Carbohydrates	p. 101
Limited Foods	p. 101
Stage One Summary	p. 101
Stage Two: Weight Maintenance	p. 102
Reintroduction Order	p. 102
Stage Two Summary	p. 104
Animal Proteins	p. 104
Nightshades	p. 106
Fasting	p. 106
Food Allergies	p. 107
Natural Supplementation Treatments for Arthritis	p. 108
Selecting and Combining Supplements	p. 110
Supplement Quality	p. 111
Glucosamine Sulfate	p. 111
Chondroitin Sulfate	p. 115
Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM)	p. 116
Hyaluronic Acid	p. 117
Ginger	p. 118
Zinaxin	p. 120
Devil's Claw	p. 121
Curcumin	p. 122
Capsicum	p. 123
Boswellia	p. 124
Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO)	p. 125
Willow	p. 126
SAM-e	p. 128
Bromelain	p. 129
Arnica Homeopathic	p. 130
Copper	p. 130
Zinc	p. 132
Boron	p. 133
Vitamin E	p. 134
Vitamin C	p. 134
Essential Fatty Acids	p. 135
Omega-3 Essential Fatty Acids	p. 136
Omega-6 Essential Fatty Acids	p. 136
Omega-7/9 Essential Fatty Acids	p. 136
Arthrimin	p. 138
Treatment of Side Effects	p. 140
Slippery Elm, Marshmallow, and Cabbage	p. 140
Quercitin	p. 140
Acidophilus	p. 140
Milk Thistle	p. 140
Lemon	p. 141
Globe Artichoke	p. 141
Zinc	p. 141
Vitamin A and E	p. 141
5-HTP	p. 141
Kava Kava	p. 141
St. John's Wort	p. 141
Vitamin B-6 and B-12	p. 142
Calcium-Magnesium	p. 142
Treatment Guidelines with Medications	p. 142
NSAID Side Effects	p. 142
Methotrexate Side Effects	p. 142
Prednisone Side Effects	p. 142
Medication Treatments for Arthritis	p. 143
Painkillers	p. 143
Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Medications (NSAIDs)	p. 144
Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs)	p. 146
Corticosteroids (Prednisone)	p. 147
Anti-Malarial Drugs	p. 148
Gold Compounds	p. 148
D-Penicillamine	p. 149
Methotrexate	p. 149
Azathioprine	p. 150
Sulfasalazine	p. 151
Biologic Response Modifying Drugs	p. 152
Tumor Necrosis Factor Antibody	p. 152
Etanercept (Enbrel)	p. 152
Leflunomide (Arava)	p. 153
Anakinra (Kineret)	p. 153
Antibiotic Therapy	p. 153
Minocycline	p. 154
Antibiotic Treatment in Septic Arthritis	p. 154
Injection Therapy	p. 155
Cortisone	p. 155
Lumbar Epidural Injection	p. 156
Facet Joint Blocks	p. 156
Hyaluronan	p. 157
Surgical Treatments for Arthritis	p. 159
Arthroscopic Surgery	p. 160
Suitability of Treatment	p. 163
Joint Involved	p. 163
Severity of Arthritis	p. 163
Type of Arthritis	p. 164
Previous Procedures	p. 164
Types of Arthroscopic Surgery	p. 164
Arthroscopic Debridement	p. 164
Arthroscopic Synovectomy	p. 165
Complications of Knee Arthroscopy	p. 166
Haemarthrosis	p. 166
Blood Clot (Thrombosis)	p. 166
Pulmonary Embolus	p. 166
Infection	p. 166
Nerve Injury	p. 167
Arthrotomy (Open Debridement)	p. 167
Arthrodesis	p. 167
Osteotomy (Realignment of the Joint)	p. 168
Joint Replacement Arthroplasty	p. 169
Types of Total Joint Replacement	p. 170
Total Hip Replacement	p. 170
Total Knee Replacement	p. 173
Total Shoulder Replacement	p. 175
Total Elbow Replacement	p. 176
Total Ankle Replacement	p. 176
The Procedure	p. 176
The Day of Surgery	p. 177
Hospital Stay	p. 178
Recovery Expectations	p. 179
Complications of Total Joint Replacement	p. 180
Surgical Complications	p. 180
Blood Loss	p. 180
Infection	p. 180
Venous Thrombosis	p. 181
Nerve and Artery Damage	p. 181
General Complications	p. 181
Early Post-Operative Complications	p. 182
Venous Thrombosis	p. 182
Infection	p. 182
Stiffness	p. 182
Dislocation	p. 183
Late Complications	p. 183
Infection	p. 183
Loosening without Infection	p. 183
Wearing Out	p. 184
Metal Allergy	p. 184
Pain	p. 184
Scar Tenderness	p. 185
Bursitis	p. 185
Muscle Pain	p. 186
Altered Alignment	p. 186
Pain from Other Joints	p. 186
Future Treatments for Arthritis	p. 187
Cartilage Transplantation	p. 187
Mosaicplasty	p. 188
Tissue Engineering	p. 189
Genetic Engineering	p. 189
Glossary	p. 190
References	p. 201
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