In this book project, all the American Ceramic Society's Engineering Ceramics Division Mueller and Bridge Building Award Winners, the ICACC Plenary Speakers and the past Engineering Ceramics Division Chairs have been invited to write book chapters on a topic that is compatible with their technical interests and consistent with the scope of the book, which is to focus on the current status and future prospects of various technical topics related to engineering ceramics, advanced ceramics and composite materials. Topics include:

• Mechanical Behavior and Performance of Ceramics & Composites
• Non-Destructive Evaluation and Mechanical Testing of Engineering Ceramics
• Brittle and Composite Material Design
• Modern Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics
• Thermal/Environmental Barrier Coatings
• Advanced Ceramic Coatings for Functional Applications
• Advanced Ceramic Joining Technologies
• Ceramics for Machining, Friction, Wear, and Other Tribological Applications
• Ceramic Composites for High-Temperature Aerospace Structures and Propulsion Systems
• Thermal Protection Materials: From Retrospect to Foresight
• Carbon/Carbon Composites
• Ceramic-Matrix Composites for Lightweight Construction
• Ultra High-Temperature Ceramics (UHTC)
• Nanolaminated Ternary Carbides and Nitrides (MAX Phases)
• Ceramics for Heat Engine and Other Energy Related Applications
• Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC)
• Armor Ceramics
• Next Generation Bioceramics
• Ceramics for Innovative Energy and Storage Systems
• Designing Ceramics for Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices
• Nanostructured Materials and Nanotechnology
• Advanced Ceramic Processing and Manufacturing Technologies
• Engineering Porous Ceramics
• Thermal Management Materials and Technologies
• Geopolymers
• Advanced Ceramic Sensor Technology
• Advanced Ceramics and Composites for Nuclear and Fusion Applications
• Advanced Ceramic Technologies for Rechargeable Batteries

Tatsuki Ohji is a Prime Senior Research Scientist of National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) and a Designated Professor in the Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Meijo University, Japan. He has authored or coauthored more than 330 peer-reviewed papers and 12 book chapters, edited 30 book volumes, chaired or co-chaired more than 30 international conferences and symposia, and hold more than 40 patents. Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), the American Ceramic Society and ASM International, and Academician of the World Academy of Ceramics, he has received numerous awards including ECD Bridge Building Award of the American Ceramic Society, Academic Achievement Award of the Ceramic Society of Japan, IIM Lectureship Award of ASM International, Lee Hsun Lecture Award of IMR Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Distinguished Research Achievement Award of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy.

Preface ix

List of Contributors xiii

PART 1 MATERIALS DESIGN AND CHARACTERIZATION

1 AN INTRODUCTION TO MATERIALS BY DESIGN INCLUDING A DYNAMIC STRESS ENVIRONMENT 3
James W. McCauley

2 CUSTOM MECHANICAL STRENGTH TEST SPECIMENS FOR BRITTLE MATERIALS AND THEIR COMPONENTS 29
Andrew A. Wereszczak

3 APPLICABILITY OF PROBABILISTIC ANALYSES TO ASSESS THE STRUCTURAL RELIABILITY OF MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS FOR SOLID-OXIDE FUEL CELLS 46
Edgar Lara-Curzio, Miladin Radovic, and Claire R. Luttrell

4 FAILURE OF ION-CONDUCTING MATERIALS BY INTERNAL PRECIPITATION UNDER ELECTROLYTIC CONDITIONS 59
Anil V. Virkar

PART 2 ADVANCED CERAMICS AND CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES

5 SILICON NITRIDE CERAMICS 79
Stuart Hampshire

6 MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION AND MECHANICAL/THERMAL PROPERTIES OF SILICON NITRIDE CERAMICS 98
Tatsuki Ohji and Kiyoshi Hirao

7 SILICON NITRIDE CERAMICS FOR TRIBOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 124
Junichi Tatami and Katsutoshi Komeya

8 SiC–MATRIX COMPOSITES: TOUGH CERAMICS FOR THERMOSTRUCTURAL APPLICATION IN DIFFERENT FIELDS 142
Roger R. Naslain

9 LIFE-LIMITING BEHAVIOR AND LIFE MANAGEMENT OF SiC-BASED COMPOSITES 160
Ronald J. Kerans

10 ADVANCED ENVIRONMENTAL BARRIER COATINGS FOR SiC/SiC CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITE TURBINE COMPONENTS 187
Dongming Zhu

11 CARBON COMPOSITES WITH CONTROLLED MICROSTRUCTURES 203
Lalit Mohan Manocha

12 THERMAL PROTECTION MATERIALS AND SYSTEMS: AN OVERVIEW 224
Sylvia M. Johnson

PART 3 NOVEL CERAMIC PROCESSING AND INTEGRATION TECHNOLOGIES

13 PROGRESS IN ADVANCED CERAMICS RESEARCH ENABLED BY NOVEL PROCESSING AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES 247
Yoshinari Miyamoto

14 REACTION-FORMING OF CERAMIC COMPOSITES USING METALLIC ALUMINUM 261
Rolf Janssen, Nahum Travitzky, Peter Greil, and Nils Claussen

15 PROCESSING AND MORPHOLOGY CONTROL OF POROUS CERAMICS 276
Manabu Fukushima, Paolo Colombo, and Yu-ichi Yoshizawa

16 INTEGRATION CHALLENGES IN ALTERNATIVE AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS 291
Mrityunjay Singh, Rajiv Asthana, and Kun-Lin Lin

17 FREE FORM FABRICATION OF CERAMICS COMPONENTS BY THREE-DIMENSIONAL STEREOLITHOGRAPHY 330
Soshu Kirihara

18 JOINING AND INTEGRATION OF SILICON CARBIDE-BASED CERAMICS AND COMPOSITES FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS 352
Michael C. Halbig and Mrityunjay Singh

PART 4 MULTIFUNCTIONAL CERAMICS

19 CURRENT TRENDS IN CERAMIC TECHNOLOGIES AND SYSTEMS 383
Alexander Michaelis, Michael Stelter, Hagen Klemm, Ingolf Voigt, and Ralf Kriegel

20 OXIDE CERAMICS: THE ROLE OF SURFACE AND GRAIN BOUNDARIES FOR RELIABLE FUNCTIONAL APPLICATIONS 415
Jose Arana Varela, Marcelo Ornaghi Orlandi, Eliana Navarro dos Santos Muccillo, and Reginaldo Muccillo

21 INTEGRATED STRATEGY TO DISCOVER COMPLEX CERAMICS WITH EXTREMELY LOW THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY 427
Jingyang Wang, Zhilin Tian, and Luchao Sun

22 CHEMICALLY BONDED PHOSPHATE CERAMICS: STABILIZATION OF SECONDARY WASTES STREAMS 445
Dileep Singh, Roopa Ganga, Jose Gaviria, and Yusuf Yusufoglu

23 PERSPECTIVES OF NANOSTRUCTURED METAL OXIDES AND THEIR HETEROSTRUCTURES IN PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL WATER SPLITTING FOR SOLAR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION 457
Sanjay Mathur, Thomas Fischer, Yakup G¨on¨ull¨u, Myeongwhun Pyeon, and Meng Wang

Index 497