Digital Drawing for Landscape Architecture: Contemporary Techniques and Tools for Digital Representation in Site Design, Second Edition bridges the gap between traditional analog and new digital tools by applying timeless concepts of representation to enhance design work in digital media. The book explores specific techniques for creating landscape designs, including digitally rendered plans, perspectives, and diagrams, and the updated second edition offers expanded coverage of newer concepts and techniques. Readers will gain insight into the roles of different drawings, with a clear emphasis on presenting a solid understanding of how diagram, plan, section, elevation, and perspective work together to present a comprehensive design approach.

Digital rendering is faster, more efficient, and more flexible than traditional rendering techniques, but the design principles and elements involved are still grounded in hand-rendering techniques. Digital Drawing for Landscape Architecture exploits both modalities to help designers create more beautiful, accurate, and communicative drawings in a professional studio environment. This second edition contains revised information on plan rendering techniques, camera matching workflow, and color selection, along with brand new features, like:

• Time-based imagery and tools
• Workflow integration techniques
• Photoshop and Illustrator task automation
• Over 400 updated images, plus over 50 new examples of award-winning work

The book takes a tutorial-based approach to digital rendering, allowing readers to start practicing immediately and get up to speed quickly. Communication is a vital, but often overlooked component of the design process, and designers rely upon their drawings to translate concepts from idea to plan. Digital Drawing for Landscape Architecture provides the guidance landscape designers need to create their most communicative renderings yet.

BRADLEY CANTRELL is Principal of Visual Logic and Associate Professor of Architectural Technology at the Harvard Graduate School of Design.

WES MICHAELS is a Principal at Spackman Mossop Michaels Landscape Architecture and an Associate Professor of Landscape Architecture at Louisiana State University.

Foreword

Preface

Acknowledgments

Part 1: Concepts

Chapter 1: Introduction/Overview

Software

Workspace

Chapter 2: Analog and Digital Rendering Comparisons

Efficiency and Editability

Commonalities and Parallels

Hybrid Techniques

Chapter 3: Basic Overview of Digital Concepts

Raster-Based Programs

Resolution in Raster Images

Upsampling and Downsampling

Vector Images

Using Raster Images in Vector-Based Programs

Color

Adjustment Layers

Masks and Channels

Smart Objects

Blending Modes

Part 2: Workflows

Chapter 4: Digital Drawings in the Design Process

Applications for Specific Tasks

Moving between Analog and Digital Techniques

Chapter 5: Setting up the Document

Drawings at Multiple Sizes

How Drawings Move through the Digital Workflow

Setting the Image Size

Chapter 6: Base Imagery and Scaling

Aerial Photography

Obtaining the Aerial Photograph

Tiling Aerial Photographs in Photoshop

Manual Method

Tiling Photographs with Photomerge

Scaling the Aerial Photograph

Calculator Method

Scale by Reference Method

Pixel Conversion Method

Adjusting the Hue, Saturation, and Lightness of Base Imagery

Using CAD Linework as a Base

Exporting the CAD Linework as a PDF

Chapter 7: Source Imagery/Entourage

Selections

Manual Methods

Partial Selections

Chapter 8: Managing Large Files

Flattening Layers

Saving Layer Groups for Flattening

Printing Issues

Illustrator Techniques

Chapter 9: Automation

Recording Actions in Photoshop

Playing Actions in Photoshop

Batch Processing in Adobe Bridge

Batch Rename in Bridge

Part 3: Design Diagrams

Examples 01

Chapter 10: Setting up an Illustrator Drawing

Document Size/Color Mode

Based Programs for Design Diagrams

Importing an Aerial Photo into Illustrator

Link versus Embed

Chapter 11: Linework in Illustrator

Shape Tools

Pen Tool

Editing Tools

Appearance of Lines and Shapes

Stroke Weight and Dashed Lines

Transparency

Appearance Palette

Chapter 12: Custom Linework

Creating a Pattern Brush from Shapes

Altering the Pattern Brush

Updating the Pattern Brush with New Shapes

Chapter 13: Additional Diagramming Tools

Blend Tool

Transform Each

Live Paint

Live Trace

Chapter 14: Symbols

Creating Symbols from Custom Artwork

Updating/Replacing Symbols

Managing Symbols

Creating Clipping Masks for Image Symbols

Chapter 15: Text, Leaders, and Page Layout

Text Tools

Point Text

Paragraph Text

Differences between Point Text and Paragraph Text

Formatting Text

Custom Type Tools

Creating Text with a Clipping Mask

Leaders

Effects versus Filters

Layout

Chapter 16: Exploded Axonometric Diagrams

Creating an Exploded Axonometric Diagram

Chapter 17: Time Based Imagery

Loading and Image Sequence

Tweening Between Layer States

Layer Stacks

Part 4: Plan/Section Renderings

Examples 02

Chapter 18: Importing PDF Linework

PDF Linework

Adjusting the Appearance of Linework

Chapter 19: Applying Color to a Plan Rendering

Technique 1: Applying Color with the Paint Bucket Tool

Technique 2: Applying Color Using Adjustment Layers

Saving Channels

Chapter 20: Shading Techniques

Selecting Fills

Saving Selections

Automating the Shading of Edges

Chapter 21: Creating Textures

Creating a Texture from an Existing Photograph

Creating a Seamless Pattern Using the Offset Filter

Creating the Pattern and Applying It to the Rendering

Paint Bucket and Pattern Stamp

Pattern Overlay

Managing Patterns

Texturing with Filters

Chapter 22: Brushes

Standard Brushes

Custom Brushes

Chapter 23: Plan Symbols with Smart Objects

Creating Smart Objects

Duplicating and Editing Smart Objects

Managing Smart Objects

Smart Filters

Chapter 24: Creating a Section Elevation

Methods

Part 5: Perspectives

Examples 03

Chapter 25: Creating a Base for a Perspective Drawing

Composition

Virtual Cameras

Exporting and Rendering

Detail

Color

Contrast

Brightness

(2D) Photoshop Adjustment Layers, Opacity, and Screening

(2D/3D) Z-Depth

(3D) Atmosphere/Environment

Understanding Level of Detail

Chapter 26: Camera Match 3D Object to Site Photo

Camera Match with 3ds Max 2014

Match Photo with Google SketchUp

Chapter 27: Create a Photoshop Perspective Collage

Methods

Chapter 28: Developing a Perspective Image in Photoshop from a 3D Model

Base Model

Adding Site Context

Textures

Adding Vegetation

Adding Scale Figures

Bibliography

Index