Preface |
|
xvii | |
Chapter 1 How to Write a Researchable Question |
|
1 | (24) |
|
|
2 | (3) |
|
WHAT IS A RESEARCHABLE QUESTION? |
|
|
5 | (1) |
|
ASKING RESEARCH QUESTIONS |
|
|
6 | (4) |
|
How to Write a Researchable Question |
|
|
7 | (3) |
|
EXAMINING COMPONENTS OF A RESEARCH QUESTION |
|
|
10 | (11) |
|
|
11 | (8) |
|
|
19 | (2) |
|
BE INTERESTED IN YOUR IDEA |
|
|
21 | (1) |
|
|
22 | (3) |
Chapter 2 From Question to Problem |
|
25 | (24) |
|
FINDING THE LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ABOUT A TOPIC |
|
|
26 | (6) |
|
HOW TO SEARCH THE LITERATURE ON YOUR TOPIC |
|
|
32 | (2) |
|
LEVEL OF THEORY AND LEVEL OF QUESTION |
|
|
34 | (2) |
|
DEVELOPING THE RESEARCH PROBLEM FROM THE LITERATURE REVIEW |
|
|
36 | (5) |
|
|
37 | (1) |
|
Ask Questions about the Theory |
|
|
38 | (1) |
|
Look Up Interrelated Ideas |
|
|
38 | (1) |
|
|
39 | (1) |
|
Convert Your Topic Outline to a Sentence Outline |
|
|
40 | (1) |
|
Relate the Theory to the Question |
|
|
40 | (1) |
|
BEGINNING WITH AN OBSERVATION |
|
|
41 | (6) |
|
Where Do You Start Your Literature Search? |
|
|
43 | (4) |
|
|
47 | (2) |
Chapter 3 The Full and Final Research Problem |
|
49 | (14) |
|
ELEMENTS OF A RESEARCH PROBLEM |
|
|
50 | (5) |
|
|
50 | (1) |
|
The Rationale for Developing the Question |
|
|
51 | (1) |
|
The Theoretical or Conceptual Framework |
|
|
51 | (4) |
|
THE PSYCHOLOGY OF ARGUMENT |
|
|
55 | (2) |
|
|
57 | (1) |
|
|
57 | (1) |
|
|
57 | (1) |
|
SUBSTANTIATE WHAT YOU SAY |
|
|
58 | (2) |
|
|
60 | (3) |
Chapter 4 Critical Review of the Literature |
|
63 | (16) |
|
|
65 | (1) |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
|
66 | (8) |
|
GUIDELINES FOR CRITIQUE OF PUBLISHED RESEARCH |
|
|
74 | (1) |
|
WHERE DOES THE CRITIQUE BELONG? |
|
|
75 | (1) |
|
|
75 | (4) |
Chapter 5 Stating the Purpose of the Study |
|
79 | (16) |
|
LEVEL I: THE PURPOSE WRITTEN AS A DECLARATIVE STATEMENT |
|
|
80 | (2) |
|
LEVEL II: THE PURPOSE WRITTEN AS A QUESTION |
|
|
82 | (3) |
|
LEVEL III: THE PURPOSE WRITTEN AS A HYPOTHESIS |
|
|
85 | (5) |
|
EXAMINING THE COMPONENTS OF A HYPOTHESIS |
|
|
90 | (1) |
|
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STATEMENT OF PURPOSE |
|
|
91 | (1) |
|
STATING THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: A SUMMARY |
|
|
91 | (2) |
|
|
93 | (2) |
Chapter 6 Defining Your Terms |
|
95 | (18) |
|
|
99 | (1) |
|
DEFINING THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE |
|
|
100 | (2) |
|
HOW VARIABLES ARE MEASURED |
|
|
102 | (7) |
|
|
103 | (1) |
|
|
104 | (1) |
|
Interval (and Ratio) Scale |
|
|
105 | (4) |
|
TERMS THAT NEED DEFINITION |
|
|
109 | (1) |
|
WRITING OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS: A REVIEW |
|
|
110 | (2) |
|
|
112 | (1) |
Chapter 7 The Research Design: Blueprint for Action |
|
113 | (36) |
|
DESIGNING YOUR STUDY FROM THE QUESTION |
|
|
115 | (1) |
|
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH DESIGNS |
|
|
115 | (4) |
|
The Setting for the Study |
|
|
116 | (1) |
|
Timing of Data Collection |
|
|
116 | (2) |
|
|
118 | (1) |
|
Type of Data to Be Collected |
|
|
119 | (1) |
|
|
119 | (1) |
|
|
120 | (10) |
|
Exploratory Descriptive Designs |
|
|
120 | (5) |
|
Descriptive Survey Designs |
|
|
125 | (5) |
|
|
130 | (5) |
|
CONTROLLING UNWANTED INFLUENCES |
|
|
135 | (8) |
|
|
136 | (4) |
|
|
140 | (2) |
|
|
142 | (1) |
|
|
143 | (1) |
|
LEVEL OF STUDY AND DEGREE OF CONTROL |
|
|
143 | (2) |
|
|
145 | (4) |
Chapter 8 Selecting the Sample |
|
149 | (20) |
|
|
152 | (9) |
|
|
153 | (6) |
|
|
159 | (2) |
|
|
161 | (3) |
|
LEVEL OF STUDY AND SAMPLE SELECTION |
|
|
164 | (3) |
|
|
167 | (2) |
Chapter 9 Selecting a Method to Answer the Question |
|
169 | (26) |
|
|
171 | (7) |
|
Degree of Investigator Involvement |
|
|
174 | (2) |
|
|
176 | (1) |
|
|
177 | (1) |
|
Type of Observation and Level of Study |
|
|
178 | (1) |
|
QUESTIONNAIRES AND INTERVIEWS |
|
|
178 | (11) |
|
Advantages and Disadvantages of Interviews and Questionnaires |
|
|
180 | (1) |
|
|
181 | (1) |
|
Degree of Structure in Questionnaires and Interviews |
|
|
181 | (3) |
|
Setting Up Your Data Collection Instrument |
|
|
184 | (1) |
|
|
185 | (2) |
|
Level of Question and Degree of Structure |
|
|
187 | (1) |
|
Designing the Questionnaire or Interview Guide |
|
|
188 | (1) |
|
|
189 | (2) |
|
|
191 | (1) |
|
|
191 | (4) |
Chapter 10 Reliability and Validity of Measurement |
|
195 | (28) |
|
ERRORS IN DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES |
|
|
196 | (3) |
|
|
199 | (8) |
|
|
201 | (2) |
|
|
203 | (2) |
|
|
205 | (2) |
|
|
207 | (6) |
|
|
207 | (2) |
|
|
209 | (2) |
|
Tests of Internal Consistency |
|
|
211 | (2) |
|
RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY ISSUES IN FIELD RESEARCH USING PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION |
|
|
213 | (3) |
|
RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY IN THE RESEARCH PLAN |
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
|
217 | (2) |
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
|
218 | (1) |
|
|
219 | (4) |
Chapter 11 Ethics in Nursing Research |
|
223 | (20) |
|
PROBLEMS INVOLVING ETHICS |
|
|
226 | (5) |
|
Coercion of Subjects to Participate |
|
|
228 | (1) |
|
Withholding Benefits from Control Subjects |
|
|
229 | (1) |
|
|
230 | (1) |
|
|
231 | (2) |
|
|
231 | (1) |
|
|
232 | (1) |
|
Proxy Consents for Research |
|
|
233 | (1) |
|
BALANCING POTENTIAL BENEFIT AGAINST ACTUAL COST |
|
|
233 | (2) |
|
MAINTAINING ANONYMITY AND CONFIDENTIALITY |
|
|
235 | (1) |
|
FEDERAL GUIDELINES ON THE SUBMISSION OF PROPOSALS FOR REVIEW |
|
|
236 | (2) |
|
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES UNDERLYING PROTECTION OF HUMAN SUBJECTS |
|
|
238 | (3) |
|
|
241 | (2) |
Chapter 12 Planning for Analysis of Data |
|
243 | (28) |
|
|
244 | (12) |
|
Structured versus Unstructured Data |
|
|
245 | (1) |
|
Content Analysis: Structuring Unstructured Data |
|
|
246 | (2) |
|
Reliability and Validity in Content Analysis |
|
|
248 | (1) |
|
Structured Data: Statistical Analysis |
|
|
249 | (7) |
|
|
256 | (3) |
|
|
258 | (1) |
|
CHOOSING A STATISTICAL TEST: WHAT DOES YOUR HYPOTHESIS ASK? |
|
|
259 | (5) |
|
Difference between Two Groups |
|
|
260 | (1) |
|
Difference among Multiple Groups |
|
|
261 | (1) |
|
Correlation between Variables |
|
|
261 | (2) |
|
Estimation of Population Parameters from Sample Data |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
Be Sure You Can Answer Your Question |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
THE ANSWER IS IN THE QUESTION |
|
|
264 | (3) |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
|
265 | (1) |
|
|
266 | (1) |
|
|
267 | (4) |
Chapter 13 Writing the Research Proposal |
|
271 | (28) |
|
|
273 | (1) |
|
FORM OF THE FINAL RESEARCH PROBLEM |
|
|
273 | (8) |
|
|
274 | (1) |
|
|
275 | (1) |
|
The Rationale for your Research |
|
|
276 | (4) |
|
|
280 | (1) |
|
STATEMENT OF THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY |
|
|
281 | (1) |
|
|
281 | (1) |
|
|
282 | (1) |
|
|
283 | (2) |
|
|
283 | (1) |
|
|
284 | (1) |
|
|
285 | (1) |
|
|
286 | (1) |
|
|
287 | (1) |
|
PROTECTION OF HUMAN SUBJECTS |
|
|
287 | (1) |
|
|
288 | (1) |
|
VARIATIONS IN THE PROPOSAL FORMAT |
|
|
289 | (3) |
|
|
289 | (2) |
|
|
291 | (1) |
|
|
292 | (2) |
|
|
292 | (1) |
|
|
293 | (1) |
|
|
294 | (5) |
Appendix 1 What Do Edmonton Seniors Say Are the Reasons for Including Herbal Supplements in Their Diet for the Maintenance of Their Health? |
|
299 | (24) |
Appendix 2 Value Orientations of the Copper Inuit |
|
323 | (58) |
Appendix 3 The Relationship Between Spirituality and Quality of Life: A Meta-Analysis |
|
381 | (50) |
Appendix 4 A Proposal for Studying the Factors Contributing to Frailty in the Oldest—Old |
|
431 | (34) |
Appendix 5 Maintaining Catheter Patency Using Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator |
|
465 | (24) |
Appendix 6 Standardized Telephone Triage Practice: Impact of Protocol Implementation on Reported Job Stress and Satisfaction by Nurses in a Pediatric Oncology Outpatient Setting |
|
489 | (30) |
Index |
|
519 | |