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1 | (14) |
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Why Study Labor Force Activity at All? |
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3 | (3) |
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A Basic Introduction to the Issues Examined in This Book |
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6 | (7) |
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The Labor Utilization Framework |
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6 | (2) |
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Characterizing the Class Organization of Labor Market Opportunity |
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8 | (1) |
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Trends in Labor Force Activity |
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9 | (2) |
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Social Mobility and Socioeconomic Attainments |
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11 | (1) |
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Trends through the Mid-1990s |
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12 | (1) |
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A Future Research Agenda for the Study of Labor Markets |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (2) |
| Section II: The Uses and Transformations of the Labor Utilization Framework |
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An Introduction to the Labor Utilization Framework |
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15 | (30) |
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15 | (2) |
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The Labor Utilization Framework |
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17 | (3) |
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A Critique of the Labor Utilization Framework |
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20 | (3) |
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A Latent Class Perspective for the Analysis of the Work Force |
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23 | (1) |
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Simple Latent Structures Applied to the 1970 Data |
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24 | (2) |
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A Simpler Latent Class Structure |
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26 | (2) |
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Time-Period Change in the Labor Force Viewed from the Latent Class Perspective |
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28 | (1) |
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Decomposing Observed Underemployment into Component Parts Due to the Different Labor Force Classes |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (2) |
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Measuring Underemployment with the Current Populations Survey |
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32 | (9) |
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41 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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The Latent Structure Model |
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43 | (2) |
| Section III: Trends in Labor Force Activity |
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Analyzing Trends in Labor Force Activity |
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45 | (50) |
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45 | (1) |
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Labor Force Composition and Underemployment Trends, 1969-1980 |
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46 | (7) |
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The Record of Annual Changes in U.S. Underemployment, 1969-1980 |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (3) |
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52 | (1) |
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The Relative Effects of Demographic and Other Temporal Changes on Aggregate Underemployment |
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53 | (4) |
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54 | (1) |
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Results for Specific Demographic Groups |
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54 | (2) |
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56 | (1) |
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What Can Cohort Analysis Tell Us about Recent Trends in Labor Force Participation? |
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57 | (2) |
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A Model with Age-Period Interaction |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (6) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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How Cohort Effects ``Translate'' the Observed Period Change |
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60 | (2) |
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Period Shocks on Participation for Young and Old Age Groups |
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62 | (3) |
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65 | (1) |
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Should Underemployment Rates Be Adjusted? |
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66 | (10) |
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Compositional Change from 1970 to 1980: An Overview |
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67 | (2) |
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Compositional Change as a Component of Overall Temporal Change |
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69 | (3) |
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Composition-Adjusted Rates |
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72 | (4) |
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76 | (1) |
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77 | (1) |
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77 | (2) |
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Estimating Log-Linear Models |
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79 | (1) |
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Decompositions of L2 in Models of the Relationship between Age (A), Gender (G), Race (R), LUF (L), and Period (P) |
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80 | (1) |
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Rationale for and Definitions of Low Income and Educational Mismatch Components of the LUF |
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81 | (4) |
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SPSS Control Cards for Determining Educational Mismatch: 1970 Census Occupation Codes |
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85 | (1) |
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A Rationale for Cohort Anlaysis of Labor Force Participation |
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86 | (2) |
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Age--Period--Cohort Models |
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88 | (3) |
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Choosing Identifying Restrictions |
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91 | (1) |
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Rate Adjustment Techniques Based on the Log-Linear Model |
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92 | (3) |
| Section IV: Social Mobility, Socioeconomic Attainment and Labor Force Issues |
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Latent Class Models in the Analysis of Social Mobility |
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95 | (24) |
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95 | (4) |
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Modeling Social Mobility---What Researchers Want to Know |
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96 | (1) |
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Modeling Social Mobility---What Researchers Have to Work with |
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97 | (2) |
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99 | (5) |
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100 | (3) |
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103 | (1) |
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Some Restricted Latent Structures |
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104 | (5) |
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A Two-Class Quasi-Latent Structure Indices of Fit |
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105 | (1) |
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Parameter Estimates from the Quasi-Latent Structure |
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105 | (1) |
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The Prediction of Membership in Latent Classes and Latent Status Classes |
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106 | (3) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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The Latent Structure Approach to the Analysis of Mobility Tables |
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111 | (8) |
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Analyzing the Relationship between Annual Labor-Market Experiences and Labor-Force Positions: A Modification of the Labor Utilization Framework |
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119 | (32) |
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119 | (4) |
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Labor-Market Experience Categories |
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120 | (2) |
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Labor-Force Positions (Current Status) |
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122 | (1) |
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Labor-Market Experiences and Labor-Force Outcomes in a Recession |
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123 | (4) |
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124 | (2) |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (1) |
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The Matching Process Summarized by Association Models |
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128 | (5) |
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Goodness of Fit and Strength of Association |
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128 | (2) |
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Interpretation of Score Parameters |
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130 | (1) |
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Geometric Representation of the Contingency |
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131 | (2) |
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Further Analyses of the Matching Process: Persistence, Change, and Structure |
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133 | (8) |
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A Simple Trichotomy for Labor-Market Experiences |
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133 | (1) |
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Inflow and Outflow Rates Based on the Trichotomous Labor Force Experience Measure |
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133 | (3) |
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Stability and Change in Labor-Market Experiences over Time |
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136 | (1) |
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Stability/Instability by Sex, Ethnicity, Age, Occupation, and Industry |
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137 | (3) |
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Summary: Structural Persistence versus Change in the New Matrix |
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140 | (1) |
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141 | (1) |
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142 | (2) |
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Variables in the Current Population Survey Used to Measure Categories of Labor-Market Experiences |
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144 | (2) |
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Additional Notes on Model Estimation |
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146 | (1) |
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Disaggregation of the 1981--82 Association by Sex and Age |
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147 | (1) |
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Loss of Structural Information by Condensing |
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148 | (3) |
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Labor-Force Behavior and Its Influence on Status and Wage Attainments |
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151 | (16) |
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151 | (1) |
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Labor-Force Measures Added to Occupational Attainment Models |
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152 | (6) |
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152 | (4) |
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156 | (1) |
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Summarizing Our Results So Far |
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157 | (1) |
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Adding New Scales to Prior Analyses of Labor-Market Stratification |
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158 | (5) |
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Adding the New Scales to Standard Attainment Models |
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158 | (1) |
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159 | (1) |
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160 | (3) |
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163 | (1) |
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164 | (2) |
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A Brief Note on Causal Order |
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166 | (1) |
| Section V: Recent Analyses of Labor Force Trends Using the Labor Utilization Framework |
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Market Experiences and Labor-Force Outcomes: Fifteen Years of Race and Gender Inequality, 1982--1996 |
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167 | (50) |
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167 | (2) |
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Market experiences and Inequality in Labor Force Outcomes |
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169 | (15) |
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Observed Trends in Labor Force Outcomes |
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172 | (6) |
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Decomposing the Experience-Outcome Association |
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178 | (3) |
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Market Experiences of Race--Gender Groups |
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181 | (3) |
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Equalizing Market Experiences Across Race--Gender Groups |
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184 | (13) |
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Comparing Observed and Purged Distributions |
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185 | (12) |
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Discussion and Conclusions |
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197 | (2) |
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199 | (1) |
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200 | (4) |
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Partitioning of the Likelihood Ratio Statistic Into Race-Sex Group and Time Period Homogeneity and Heterogeneity |
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204 | (2) |
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A Method for Calculating Influence Measures |
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206 | (5) |
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Annual Percentage Distributions of Labor Market Experiences by Race-Sex Groups |
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211 | (4) |
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Calculating Inequality Kappas |
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215 | (2) |
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Occupations, Labor Markets, and the Relationship between Labor-Market Experiences and Labor-Force Outcomes |
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217 | (24) |
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217 | (7) |
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Descriptive Results for Labor Force Outcomes |
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218 | (6) |
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Analyzing the Experience---Outcome Relationship across Occupations |
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224 | (14) |
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Equalizing Market Experiences across Occupations |
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227 | (11) |
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Discussion and Conclusions |
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238 | (2) |
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240 | (1) |
| Section VI: A Future Research Agenda |
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Toward a More Complete Understanding of Labor-Markets and Stratification |
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241 | (12) |
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Potential Improvements and a Future Research Agenda |
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244 | (3) |
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Policy Recommendations that Result from Studies of the Labor Force |
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247 | (4) |
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251 | (2) |
| References |
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253 | (10) |
| Index |
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263 | |