Analyzing the Labor Force

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Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2001-12-01
Publisher(s): Plenum Pub Corp
List Price: $109.00

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Table of Contents

Introduction
1(14)
Why Study Labor Force Activity at All?
3(3)
A Basic Introduction to the Issues Examined in This Book
6(7)
The Labor Utilization Framework
6(2)
Characterizing the Class Organization of Labor Market Opportunity
8(1)
Trends in Labor Force Activity
9(2)
Social Mobility and Socioeconomic Attainments
11(1)
Trends through the Mid-1990s
12(1)
A Future Research Agenda for the Study of Labor Markets
13(1)
Notes
13(2)
Section II: The Uses and Transformations of the Labor Utilization Framework
An Introduction to the Labor Utilization Framework
15(30)
Introduction
15(2)
The Labor Utilization Framework
17(3)
A Critique of the Labor Utilization Framework
20(3)
A Latent Class Perspective for the Analysis of the Work Force
23(1)
Simple Latent Structures Applied to the 1970 Data
24(2)
A Simpler Latent Class Structure
26(2)
Time-Period Change in the Labor Force Viewed from the Latent Class Perspective
28(1)
Decomposing Observed Underemployment into Component Parts Due to the Different Labor Force Classes
29(1)
Notes
30(2)
Measuring Underemployment with the Current Populations Survey
32(9)
Additional Analyses
41(1)
Model Derivation
42(1)
The Latent Structure Model
43(2)
Section III: Trends in Labor Force Activity
Analyzing Trends in Labor Force Activity
45(50)
Introduction
45(1)
Labor Force Composition and Underemployment Trends, 1969-1980
46(7)
The Record of Annual Changes in U.S. Underemployment, 1969-1980
47(1)
Trends by Gender
48(1)
Trends by Age
49(3)
Trends by Race
52(1)
The Relative Effects of Demographic and Other Temporal Changes on Aggregate Underemployment
53(4)
The Basic Hypothesis
54(1)
Results for Specific Demographic Groups
54(2)
Discussion
56(1)
What Can Cohort Analysis Tell Us about Recent Trends in Labor Force Participation?
57(2)
A Model with Age-Period Interaction
59(1)
Results
59(6)
Indices of Fit
59(1)
Estimated Cohort Effects
60(1)
How Cohort Effects ``Translate'' the Observed Period Change
60(2)
Period Shocks on Participation for Young and Old Age Groups
62(3)
Discussion
65(1)
Should Underemployment Rates Be Adjusted?
66(10)
Compositional Change from 1970 to 1980: An Overview
67(2)
Compositional Change as a Component of Overall Temporal Change
69(3)
Composition-Adjusted Rates
72(4)
Summary and Discussion
76(1)
Acknowledgments
77(1)
Notes
77(2)
Estimating Log-Linear Models
79(1)
Decompositions of L2 in Models of the Relationship between Age (A), Gender (G), Race (R), LUF (L), and Period (P)
80(1)
Rationale for and Definitions of Low Income and Educational Mismatch Components of the LUF
81(4)
SPSS Control Cards for Determining Educational Mismatch: 1970 Census Occupation Codes
85(1)
A Rationale for Cohort Anlaysis of Labor Force Participation
86(2)
Age--Period--Cohort Models
88(3)
Choosing Identifying Restrictions
91(1)
Rate Adjustment Techniques Based on the Log-Linear Model
92(3)
Section IV: Social Mobility, Socioeconomic Attainment and Labor Force Issues
Latent Class Models in the Analysis of Social Mobility
95(24)
Introduction
95(4)
Modeling Social Mobility---What Researchers Want to Know
96(1)
Modeling Social Mobility---What Researchers Have to Work with
97(2)
The Data
99(5)
Two-Class Models
100(3)
Three-Class Models
103(1)
Some Restricted Latent Structures
104(5)
A Two-Class Quasi-Latent Structure Indices of Fit
105(1)
Parameter Estimates from the Quasi-Latent Structure
105(1)
The Prediction of Membership in Latent Classes and Latent Status Classes
106(3)
Conclusion
109(1)
Notes
110(1)
The Latent Structure Approach to the Analysis of Mobility Tables
111(8)
Analyzing the Relationship between Annual Labor-Market Experiences and Labor-Force Positions: A Modification of the Labor Utilization Framework
119(32)
Introduction
119(4)
Labor-Market Experience Categories
120(2)
Labor-Force Positions (Current Status)
122(1)
Labor-Market Experiences and Labor-Force Outcomes in a Recession
123(4)
Outflow Rates
124(2)
Inflow Rates
126(1)
A Model for Association
127(1)
The Matching Process Summarized by Association Models
128(5)
Goodness of Fit and Strength of Association
128(2)
Interpretation of Score Parameters
130(1)
Geometric Representation of the Contingency
131(2)
Further Analyses of the Matching Process: Persistence, Change, and Structure
133(8)
A Simple Trichotomy for Labor-Market Experiences
133(1)
Inflow and Outflow Rates Based on the Trichotomous Labor Force Experience Measure
133(3)
Stability and Change in Labor-Market Experiences over Time
136(1)
Stability/Instability by Sex, Ethnicity, Age, Occupation, and Industry
137(3)
Summary: Structural Persistence versus Change in the New Matrix
140(1)
Summary and Discussion
141(1)
Notes
142(2)
Variables in the Current Population Survey Used to Measure Categories of Labor-Market Experiences
144(2)
Additional Notes on Model Estimation
146(1)
Disaggregation of the 1981--82 Association by Sex and Age
147(1)
Loss of Structural Information by Condensing
148(3)
Labor-Force Behavior and Its Influence on Status and Wage Attainments
151(16)
Introduction
151(1)
Labor-Force Measures Added to Occupational Attainment Models
152(6)
Men
152(4)
Women
156(1)
Summarizing Our Results So Far
157(1)
Adding New Scales to Prior Analyses of Labor-Market Stratification
158(5)
Adding the New Scales to Standard Attainment Models
158(1)
Occupational Status
159(1)
Log-Earnings
160(3)
Discussion
163(1)
Notes
164(2)
A Brief Note on Causal Order
166(1)
Section V: Recent Analyses of Labor Force Trends Using the Labor Utilization Framework
Market Experiences and Labor-Force Outcomes: Fifteen Years of Race and Gender Inequality, 1982--1996
167(50)
Introduction
167(2)
Market experiences and Inequality in Labor Force Outcomes
169(15)
Observed Trends in Labor Force Outcomes
172(6)
Decomposing the Experience-Outcome Association
178(3)
Market Experiences of Race--Gender Groups
181(3)
Equalizing Market Experiences Across Race--Gender Groups
184(13)
Comparing Observed and Purged Distributions
185(12)
Discussion and Conclusions
197(2)
Notes
199(1)
Models and Methods
200(4)
Partitioning of the Likelihood Ratio Statistic Into Race-Sex Group and Time Period Homogeneity and Heterogeneity
204(2)
A Method for Calculating Influence Measures
206(5)
Annual Percentage Distributions of Labor Market Experiences by Race-Sex Groups
211(4)
Calculating Inequality Kappas
215(2)
Occupations, Labor Markets, and the Relationship between Labor-Market Experiences and Labor-Force Outcomes
217(24)
Introduction
217(7)
Descriptive Results for Labor Force Outcomes
218(6)
Analyzing the Experience---Outcome Relationship across Occupations
224(14)
Equalizing Market Experiences across Occupations
227(11)
Discussion and Conclusions
238(2)
Notes
240(1)
Section VI: A Future Research Agenda
Toward a More Complete Understanding of Labor-Markets and Stratification
241(12)
Potential Improvements and a Future Research Agenda
244(3)
Policy Recommendations that Result from Studies of the Labor Force
247(4)
Notes
251(2)
References 253(10)
Index 263

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