America; A Concise History, Volume 1: To 1877

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Edition: 3rd
Format: Trade Paper
Pub. Date: 2005-02-04
Publisher(s): Bedford/St. Martin's
List Price: $48.00

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Summary

America: A Concise Historyhas become the best-selling brief book for the U.S. History survey because of the uncommon value it offers instructors and students alike. The authors' own abridgement preserves the analytical power of the parent text,America's History, while offering all the flexibility of a brief book. The latest scholarship, hallmark global perspective, and handy format combine with the best full-color art and map program of any brief text to create a book that students read and enjoy.

Author Biography

JAMES A. HENRETTA is Priscilla Alden Burke Professor of American History at the University of Maryland, College Park. He received his undergraduate education at Swarthmore College and his Ph.D. from Harvard University. He has taught at the University of Sussex, England; Princeton University; UCLA; Boston University; as a Fulbright lecturer in Australia at the University of New England; and at Oxford University as the Harmsworth Professor of American History. His publications include The Evolution of American Society, 1700–1815: An Interdisciplinary Analysis; "Salutary Neglect": Colonial Administration under the Duke of Newcastle; Evolution and Revolution: American Society, 1600–1820; and The Origins of American Capitalism. Recently he coedited and contributed to a collection of original essays, Republicanism and Liberalism in America and the German States, 1750–1850, as part of his larger research project on "The Liberal State in America: New York, 1820–1975." In 2002–2003, he held the John Hope Franklin Fellowship at the National Humanities Center in North Carolina.

DAVID BRODY is Professor Emeritus of History at the University of California, Davis. He received his B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. from Harvard University. He has taught at the University of Warwick in England, at Moscow State University in the former Soviet Union, and at Sydney University in Australia. He is the author of Steelworkers in America; Workers in Industrial America: Essays on the 20th Century Struggle; and In Labor's Cause: Main Themes on the History of the American Worker. He has been awarded fellowships from the Social Science Research Council, the Guggenheim Foundation, and the National Endowment for the Humanities. He is past president (1991–1992) of the Pacific Coast branch of the American Historical Association. His current research focuses on labor law and workplace regimes during the Great Depression.

LYNN DUMENIL is Robert Glass Cleland Professor of American History at Occidental College in Los Angeles. She is a graduate of the University of Southern California and received her Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley. She has written The Modern Temper: American Culture and Society in the 1920s and Freemasonry and American Culture: 1880–1930. Her articles and reviews have appeared in the Journal of American History; the Journal of American Ethnic History: Reviews in American History; and the American Historical Review. She has served as a historical consultant to several documentary film projects and sits on the Pelzer Prize Committee of the Organization of American Historians. Her current work, for which she received a National Endowment for the Humanities Fellowship, focuses on World War I, citizenship, and the state. In 2001–2002 she held the Bicentennial Fulbright Chair in American Studies at the University of Helsinki.

Table of Contents

Preface vii
List of Maps xxvi
About the Authors xxviii
Part One THE ATION OF AMERICAN SOCIETY, 1450-1775 2(160)
Chapter 1 WORLDS COLLIDE: EUROPE, AFRICA, AND AMERICA, 1450-1620
6(31)
Native American Worlds
7(7)
The First Americans
7(2)
The Mayas and the Aztecs
9(1)
The Indians of the North
10(4)
Traditional European Society in 1450
14(4)
The Peasantry
14(2)
Hierarchy and Authority
16(1)
The Power of Religion
17(1)
Europe Encounters Africa and the Americas, 1450-1550
18(11)
The Renaissance
18(2)
West African Society and Slavery
20(3)
Europe Reaches the Americas
23(2)
The Spanish Conquest
25(4)
The Protestant Reformation and the Rise of England
29(8)
The Protestant Movement
29(2)
The Dutch and the English Challenge Spain
31(2)
The Social Causes of English Colonization
33
VOICES FROM ABROAD
FATHER LE PETITE: The Customs of the Natchez, 1730
13(13)
AMERICAN VOICES
FRIAR BERNARDINO DE SAHAGÚN: Aztec Elders Describe the Spanish Conquest
26(11)
Chapter 2 THE INVASION AND SETTLEMENT OF NORTH AMERICA, 1550-1700
37(31)
Imperial Conflicts and Rival Colonial Models
38(9)
New Spain: Colonization and Conversion
38(3)
New France: Furs and Souls
41(2)
New Netherland: Commerce
43(1)
English Virginia: Settlers and a Staple Crop
44(3)
The Chesapeake Experience
47(6)
Settling the Tobacco Colonies
47(3)
Masters, Servants, and Slaves
50(1)
The Seeds of Social Revolt
51(1)
Bacon's Rebellion
52(1)
Puritan New England
53(6)
The Puritan Migration
53(4)
Puritanism and Witchcraft
57(1)
A Yeoman Society, 1630-1700
58(1)
The Eastern Indians' New World
59(9)
Puritans and Pequots
59(2)
Metacom's (King Philip's) Rebellion
61(2)
The Fur Trade and the Inland Peoples
63
VOICES FROM ABROAD
SAMUEL DE CHAMPLAIN: Going to War with the Hurons
42(22)
AMERICAN VOICES
MARY ROWLANDSON: A Captivity Narrative
64(4)
Chapter 3 THE BRITISH EMPIRE IN AMERICA, 1660-1750
68(31)
The Politics of Empire, 1660-1713
69(7)
The Great Aristocratic Land Grab
69(1)
From Mercantilism to Imperial Dominion
70(2)
The Glorious Revolution in England and America
72(2)
Imperial Wars and Native Peoples
74(2)
The Imperial Slave Economy
76(15)
The South Atlantic System
77(3)
Slavery in the Chesapeake and South Carolina
80(4)
The Emergence of an African American Community
84(1)
Resistance and Accommodation
85(2)
The Southern Gentry
87(1)
The Northern Maritime Economy
88(3)
The New Politics of Empire, 1713-1750
91(8)
The Rise of Colonial Assemblies
91(1)
Salutary Neglect
92(2)
Protecting the Mercantile System
94(1)
The American Economic Challenge
95
VOICES FROM ABROAD
OLAUDAH EQUIANO: The Brutal "Middle Passage"
81(12)
AMERICAN VOICES
GOVERNOR JOSEPH DUDLEY AND JOHN WINCHESTER: A "Leveling" Spirit in the Colonies
93(6)
Chapter 4 GROWTH AND CRISIS IN COLONIAL SOCIETY, 1720-1765
99(32)
Freehold Society in New England
100(4)
Farm Families: Women's Place
100(2)
Farm Property: Inheritance
102(1)
The Crisis of Freehold Society
103(1)
The Middle Atlantic: Toward a New Society, 1720-1765
104(8)
Economic Growth and Social Inequality
104(2)
Cultural Diversity
106(5)
Religious Identity and Political Conflict
111(1)
The Enlightenment and the Great Awakening, 1740-1765
112(7)
The Enlightenment in America
112(2)
American Pietism and the Great Awakening
114(2)
Religious Upheaval in the North
116(1)
Social and Religious Conflict in the South
117(2)
The Midcentury Challenge: War, Trade, and Social Conflict, 1750-1765
119(12)
The French and Indian War Becomes a War for Empire
119(3)
British Economic Growth and the Consumer Revolution
122(2)
The Struggle for Land in the East
124(1)
Western Uprisings and Regulator Movements
125
AMERICAN VOICES
Runaway Servants and Slaves
107(20)
AMERICAN VOICES
CHARLES WOODMASON: Social Chaos on the Carolina Frontier
127(4)
Chapter 5 TOWARD INDEPENDENCE: YEARS OF DECISION, 1763-1775
131(31)
The Imperial Reformers, 1763-1765
132(6)
The Legacy of War
132(2)
The Sugar Act and Colonial Rights
134(3)
An Open Challenge: The Stamp Act
137(1)
The Dynamics of Rebellion, 1765-1766
138(7)
Politicians Protest and the Crowd Rebels
138(4)
Ideological Roots of Resistance
142(1)
Parliament Compromises, 1766
143(2)
The Growing Confrontation, 1767-1770
145(6)
The Townshend Initiatives
145(2)
America Again Debates and Resists
147(2)
Lord North Compromises, 1770
149(2)
The Road to War, 1771-1775
151(15)
The Compromise Ignored
151(2)
The Continental Congress Responds
153(2)
The Rising of the Countryside
155(3)
The Failure of Compromise
158
AMERICAN VOICES
SAMUEL ADAMS: An American View of the Stamp Act
144(15)
VOICES FROM ABROAD
LIEUTENANT COLONEL FRANCIS SMITH: A British View of Lexington and Concord
159(3)
Part Two THE NEW REPUBLIC, 1775-1820 162(126)
Chapter 6 WAR AND REVOLUTION, 1775-1783
166(30)
Toward Independence, 1775-1776
167(5)
The Second Continental Congress and Civil War
167(1)
Common Sense
168(3)
Independence Declared
171(1)
The Trials of War, 1776-1778
172(6)
War in the North
172(2)
Armies and Strategies
174(1)
Victory at Saratoga
175(1)
Social and Financial Perils
176(2)
The Path to Victory, 1778-1783
178(6)
The French Alliance
179(1)
War in the South
180(3)
The Patriot Advantage
183(1)
Diplomatic Triumph
183(1)
Republicanism Defined and Challenged
184(12)
Republican Ideals under Wartime Pressures
184(3)
The Loyalist Exodus
187(1)
The Problem of Slavery
188(2)
A Republican Religious Order
190
AMERICAN VOICES
MARY HOOKS SLOCUMB: The Meaning of War
169(22)
VOICES FROM ABROAD
ALEXANDER COVENTRY: The Character of Northern Slavery
191(5)
Chapter 7 THE NEW POLITICAL ORDER, 1776-1800
196(31)
Creating Republican Institutions, 1776-1787
197(10)
The State Constitutions: How Much Democracy?
197(5)
The Articles of Confederation
202(4)
Shays's Rebellion
206(1)
The Constitution of 1787
207(8)
The Rise of a Nationalist Faction
207(1)
The Philadelphia Convention
208(3)
The People Debate Ratification
211(3)
The Federalists Implement the Constitution
214(1)
The Political Crisis of the 1790's
215(12)
Hamilton's Financial Program
216(2)
Jefferson's Agrarian Vision
218(1)
The French Revolution Divides Americans
219(2)
The Rise of Political Parties
221(1)
Constitutional Crisis, 1798-1800
222
AMERICAN VOICES
ABIGAIL AND JOHN ADAMS: The Status of Women
200(23)
VOICES FROM ABROAD
WILLIAM COBBETT: Peter Porcupine Attacks Pro-French Americans
223(4)
Chapter 8 THE DYNAMICS OF WESTERN SETTLEMENT AND EASTERN CAPITALISM, 1790-1820
227(30)
Westward Expansion
228(9)
Native American Resistance
228(4)
Migration and the Changing Farm Economy
232(3)
The Transportation Bottleneck
235(2)
The Republicans' Political Revolution
237(9)
The Jeffersonian Presidency
237(2)
Jefferson and the West
239(1)
Conflict with Britain and France
240(2)
The War of 1812
242(4)
The Capitalist Commonwealth
246(11)
Banks, Manufacturing, and Markets
246(3)
Public Policy: The Commonwealth System
249(1)
Federalist Law: John Marshall and the Supreme Court
250
AMERICAN VOICES
RED JACKET: A Seneca Chief's Understanding of Religion
232(22)
VOICES FROM ABROAD
ALEXIS DE TOCQUEVILLE: Law and Lawyers in the United States
254(3)
Chapter 9 THE QUEST FOR A REPUBLICAN SOCIETY, 1790-1820
257(31)
Democratic Republicanism
258(8)
Social and Political Equality for White Men
258(2)
Toward a Republican Marriage System
260(1)
Republican Motherhood
261(2)
Raising and Educating Republican Children
263(3)
Aristocratic Republicanism and Slavery
266(11)
The North and South Grow Apart
266(2)
Toward a New Southern Social Order
268(3)
Slave Society and Culture
271(1)
The Free Black Population
272(3)
The Missouri Crisis
275(2)
Protestant Christianity as a Social Force
277(15)
The Second Great Awakening
277(7)
Women's New Religious Roles
284
AMERICAN VOICES
JACOB STROYER: A Child Learns the Meaning of Slavery
273(6)
VOICES FROM ABROAD
FRANCES TROLLOPE: A Camp Meeting in Indiana
279(9)
Part Three ECONOMIC REVOLUTION AND SECTIONAL STRIFE, 1820-1877 288
Chapter 10 THE ECONOMIC REVOLUTION, 1820-1860
292(30)
The Coming of Industry: Northeastern Manufacturing
293(8)
Division of Labor and the Factory
293(1)
The Textile Industry and British Competition
294(3)
American Mechanics and Technological Innovation
297(2)
Wage Workers and the Labor Movement
299(2)
The Market Revolution
301(8)
Migration to the Southwest and the Midwest
301(1)
The Transportation Revolution Forges Regional Ties
302(6)
The Growth of Cities and Towns
308(1)
Changes in the Social Structure
309(13)
The Business Elite
310(1)
The Middle Class
311(2)
Urban Workers and the Poor
313(1)
The Benevolent Empire
314(1)
Revivalism and Reform
315(2)
Immigration and Cultural Conflict
317
AMERICAN VOICES
LUCY LARCOM: Early Days at Lowell
298(20)
AMERICAN VOICES
JOHN GOUGH: The Vice of Intemperance
318(4)
Chapter 11 A DEMOCRATIC REVOLUTION, 1820-1844
322(30)
The Rise of Popular Politics, 1820-1829
323(7)
The Decline of the Notables and the Rise of Parties
323(2)
The Election of 1824
325(2)
The Last Notable President: John Quincy Adams
327(1)
"The Democracy" and the Election of 1828
328(2)
The Jacksonian Presidency, 1829-1837
330(12)
Jackson's Agenda: Patronage and Policy
332(1)
The Tariff and Nullification
333(1)
The Bank War
334(2)
Indian Removal
336(4)
The Jacksonian Impact
340(2)
Class, Culture, and the Second Party System
342(10)
The Whig Worldview
342(3)
Labor Politics and the Depression of 1837-1843
345(2)
"Tippecanoe and Tyler Too!"
347
AMERICAN VOICES
MARGARET BAYARD SMITH: Republican Majesty and Mobs
331(7)
AMERICAN VOICES
BLACK HAWK: A Sacred Reverence for Our Lands
338(14)
Chapter 12 RELIGION AND REFORM, 1820-1860
352(30)
Individualism
353(5)
Emerson and Transcendentalism
353(2)
Emerson's Literary Influence
355(2)
Brook Farm
357(1)
Communalism
358(9)
The Shakers
358(3)
The Fourierist Phalanxes
361(1)
John Humphrey Noyes and the Oneida Community
361(1)
The Mormon Experience
362(5)
Abolitionism
367(7)
Uplift, Race-Equality, and Rebellion
367(1)
Garrison and Evangelical Abolitionism
368(3)
Opposition and Internal Conflict
371(3)
The Women's Rights Movement
374(8)
Origins of the Women's Movement
374(2)
Abolitionism and Women
376(2)
The Program of Seneca Falls and Beyond
378
AMERICAN VOICES
An Illinois "Jeffersonian" Attacks the Mormons
365(12)
AMERICAN VOICES
KEZIAH KENDALL: A Farm Woman Defends the Grimke Sisters
377(5)
Chapter 13 THE CRISIS OF THE UNION, 1844-1860
382(30)
Manifest Destiny
383(9)
The Mature Cotton Economy, 1820-1860
383(3)
The Independence of Texas
386(1)
The Push to the Pacific: Oregon and California
387(3)
The Fateful Election of 1844
390(2)
War, Expansion, and Slavery, 1846-1850
392(6)
The War with Mexico, 1846-1848
392(1)
A Divisive Victory
393(3)
1850: Crisis and Compromise
396(2)
The End of the Second Party System, 1850-1858
398(8)
Resistance to the Fugitive Slave Act
399(1)
The Political System in Decline
400(1)
The Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Rise of New Parties
401(2)
The Election of 1856 and Dred Scott
403(3)
Abraham Lincoln and the Republican Triumph, 1858-1860
406(6)
Lincoln's Political Career
407(2)
The Party System Fragments
409
AMERICAN VOICES
MARY BOYKIN CHESNUT: A Slaveholding Woman's Diary
385(19)
AMERICAN VOICES
AXALLA JOHN HOOLE: "Bleeding Kansas": A Southern View
404(8)
Chapter 14 TWO SOCIETIES AT WAR, 1861-1865
412(30)
Secession and Military Stalemate, 1861-1862
413(10)
Choosing Sides
413(5)
Setting War Aims and Devising Strategies
418(5)
Toward Total War
423(5)
Mobilizing Armies and Civilians
423(3)
Mobilizing Resources
426(2)
The Turning Point: 1863
428(4)
Emancipation
428(2)
Vicksburg and Gettysburg
430(2)
The Union Victorious, 1864-1865
432(10)
Soldiers and Strategy
432(4)
The Election of 1864 and Sherman's March to the Sea
436
VOICES FROM ABROAD
ERNEST DUVEYIER DE HAURANNE: German Immigrants and the Civil War within Missouri
417(22)
AMERICAN VOICES
DOLLY SUMNER LUNT: Sherman's March through Georgia
439(3)
Chapter 15 RECONSTRUCTION, 1865-1877
442
Presidential Reconstruction
443(9)
Lincoln's Approach
443(1)
Johnson Seizes the Initiative
444(2)
Acting on Freedom
446(4)
Congress versus President
450(2)
Radical Reconstruction
452(12)
Congress Takes Command
453(3)
Woman Suffrage Denied
456(1)
Republican Rule in the South
457(3)
The Quest for Land
460(4)
The Undoing of Reconstruction
464
Counterrevolution
465(3)
The Acquiescent North
468(1)
The Political Crisis of 1877
469
AMERICAN VOICES
JOURDON ANDERSON: Relishing Freedom
447(19)
AMERICAN VOICES
HARRIET HERNANDES: The Intimidation of Black Voters
466
DOCUMENTS D-1
The Declaration of Independence
D-1
The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union
D-4
The Constitution of the United States
D-9
Amendments to the Constitution
D-18
APPENDIX A-1
Territorial Expansion
A-1
The Labor Force
A-2
Changing Labor Patterns
A-3
American Population
A-4
Presidential Elections
A-5
GLOSSARY G-1
CREDITS C-1
INDEX I-1

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